Seroepidemiological Study of Brucellosis in Humans and Dairy Cattle in Addis Ababa
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Date
2003-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Sero-epidemiological study of brucellosis was conducted on occupationally exposed humans and
dairy cattle in Addis Ababa. A total of 336 human individuals were screened by Rose Bengal
Plate Test. Those found to be positive were further subjected to 2-MET. Similarly, 552 sexually
matured dairy cattle were screened for RBPT and positives were further subjected to Serum
Agglutination Test and Complement Fixation Test. A simultaneous survey was conducted in the
farms and Addis Ababa abattoir enterprise to investigate epidemiological factors. An over all
seroprevalence of (16/336) 4.8% in humans and 10% (57/552) in dairy cattle was found, taking
RBPT+ / 2MET+ in humans and RBPT+ / CFT+ in dairy cattle as a gold standard. A sensitivity
and specificity of 88% and 94% in humans and 100% and 68.5% in dairy cattle was observed for
RBPT. Where as SAT was 63.3% sensitive and 89.2% specific in dairy cattle. The risk factors
contributing to the occurrence of the disease in humans include occupation, sex, raw milk and
meat consumption, failure to use detergents after work, and unsafe handling of infected
materials. However, herd size and lack of knowledge about brucellosis are the major factors in
dairy cattle seropositive animals.
Key words: Sero-epidemiological, sensitivity, specificity and risk factors
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Keywords
Sero-epidemiological, sensitivity, specificity and risk factors