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Item Assessment of the Implementation of Performance Appraisal System in Ethiopian Public Universities in the Case of Ethiopian Civil Service University and Kotebe Metropolitan University(Addis Ababa University, 2017-11) Mered, Demes; Gebrehiwot, Firehiwot (PhD)Performance management and performance appraisal are now issues of crucial concern in higher education owing to factors like increased numbers of students and increasing overall expenditures. Empirical evidence suggests that the implementation of performance appraisal systems in academic institutions often result in tension between academic employees and management. The present study assessed the perception of academic staffs regarding the implementation of performance appraisal system in Ethiopian public universities with special reference to the Ethiopian Civil Service University (ECSU) and Kotebe Metropolitan University (KMU). The study used survey research design, using both quantitative and qualitative research approach. The quantitative data were collected from academic staffs and the qualitative data was collected from department heads. The total sample of the study comprised of 106 academic staffs. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The findings showed that PA results were used to provide information about administrative decisions and performance appraisal criteria have been clearly identified. However, the subjectivity of the performance evaluation criteria, biasedness of the appraisers and limited commitment to provide feedback were the challenges of PA practices in the study area. Therefore, the findings have managerial implications for training, motivation and provision of resources for effective performance appraisal. ECSU and KMU should make the academic staff participate in preparation of PE criteria to minimize the subjectivity and provide PA result feedback to academic staffs on time; this benefits the students, the university, and the academic staffs; since if the academic staffs know their performance where they are, they will strive to improve their performance Key Words: Performance Appraisal, Performance Evaluation, Academic staffs, Performance Appraisal System, Performance Appraisal Result