Africa Center of Excellence for Water Management

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Browsing Africa Center of Excellence for Water Management by Subject "2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid"

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    Determination of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Water Sediment and Soil Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-07-09) James, Stella; Ele, Estifanos (PhD)
    2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a widely used herbicide throughout the world to control broad-leaved herbs in various crops. Despite widespread use in a number of countries, studies have revealed that 2,4-D is a possible carcinogen and has a number of neurotoxic effects. The purpose of this study was to develop a method for extracting and determining 2,4-D acid from the soil, sediment, and water, as well as to investigate the compound's stability in water. The analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection at 230 nm. The performance of the developed analytical method was evaluated by extracting the analyte from spiked soil and water samples; recoveries ranged from 88 to 100%. A calibration curve for the method using known concentrations of 1, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg/L of the analyte showed good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9996). The LOD of the developed method was determined to be 0.45 μg/mL while the LOQ was 2 μg/mL. From the analysis of the samples, no 2,4-D was detected in sediment or soil samples from the Wafiko or Kontola sites, respectively. 2,4-D concentrations in soil samples from Bochessa and water samples from Wafiko and Sher site were generally high and exceeded USEPA regulatory agency standards. On the nature of the compound in water, a 45-day experiment on spiked water samples from Lake Koka demonstrated that the acidic form of 2,4-D is stable in water. An average recovery 73.46 ± 2.00% was achieved in this study. Thus, this study suggests that the developed method can be used to quantitatively extract 2,4-D residues and other chemical pollutants with similar physicochemical properties from contaminated samples originating from various sources.