Veterinary Microbiology

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Browsing Veterinary Microbiology by Subject "Afar region"

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    Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Pox Viruses Circulating in Sheep and Goat from Outbreak Cases in Selected District of Zone One of Afar, Ethiopia
    (2020-08) Ageritu, Mohammed; Dr. Gezahagne mamo, Dr. Esayas Gelaye
    Sheep and Goat poxvirus disease outbreak investigation was conducted to isolation and molecular characterization of pox viruses circulating in sheep and goat in outbreak cases in Mille district from December 2019 to April 2020 on a total 738 local breeds of sheep and goat in selected district of zone one of Afar region. A total of 738 sheep and goats (353 sheep and 385 goats) from Weranso and Geraro Kebele (in which the outbreaks occurred) were clinically examined for the presence of pox lesion on their skin. Out of these, 63 (8.5%) of sheep where as 123 (16.7%) of goats were found to be positive for pox lesion on their skin. The overall proportion of morbidity and mortality of SGPV was 25.2% and 2.3% respectively. Based on the observation the average morbidity and mortality of SGPV was high in goat than sheep, in young than adult and in male than female. The sampling methods was purposive and a skin nodular tissue samples were taken from 14 species from both (species, breed and sex) in order to isolate the field strain of SGPV circulating in and around Mille district of zoon one Afar. From that 14 tissue samples the virus was isolated on Vero cells line. Additionally, the isolated virus was identified by Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (CPCR) and Real time Polymerase Chain Reaction technique which is more sensitive molecular advanced technique for diagnosis of Capri pox virus. The tissue culture showed a typical characteristic of pox virus, cytopathic effect of cell ballooning, aggregation, rounding of cells and detaching of cells on Vero cell culture. Similarly, the conventional PCR revealed that out of 14 tested samples 11 samples were positive by developing band size of 172bp, where as three of them could not produce any band size on gel electrophoresis. In conclusion as complained by the owners and during field examination, SGPV disease was found to be a serious disease in the study area. Accordingly, further investigation is needed on identification of the causative agents and molecular characterization of SGPV and risk factors of the disease in selected district of zone one of Afar region.
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    SERO-PREVALENCE AND PARTICIPATORY STUDY OF CONTAGIOUS CAPRINE PLUEROPNEUMONIA IN GULINA WEREDA, AFAR NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
    (2012-06) AMARE, GETU; Dr. Tesfaye Sisay
    A cross sectional study of Contagious Caprine Pleuro pneumonia (CCPP) in goats was conducted from October 2007 to April 2008 to determine sero prevalence in Gulina district of Afar National Regional State. A total of 446 sera were collected from goats. Complement Fixation Test (CFT) was carried out at National Veterinary Institute. The Participatory approaches are holistic in nature where by all aspects of the phenomenon questions are studied by the use of multiple methods in a process referred to as triangulation. Camels had the highest proportion (44.6%) followed by 30.6% of goats to the relative importance of livestock species to pastoralists. The possible source of CCPP is watering followed by grazing (31.9%) due to goats gathered from different sites for the search of feed and water. The main control tactic for CCPP is Isolation of the affected goat(s). Among the cases in the area 34.7% were pasteurellosis followed by CCPP. Significant numbers of goat were lost due to CCPP (32.6%) next to PPR (38.7%). Drought (65%) is a major challenge to their livestock. The overall sero prevalence was 42.8% (n = 191). The age group sero prevalences were 42.4, 36.8 and 49% in age group less than 1, 1-3 years and >3 years older respectively. Sex specific sero prevalence observed was 40.9% in males and 43.7% in females. Because of few male goats compared to females in each flock, the contribution of males to the total sero positivity was only 32.9%. High significance association was found between Flock size 51-150 and greater than 150 (OR=25.6, P=0.000) to CFT test. Goats of less than 1 year were found to be safer (OR=0.974, P=0.324).