Browsing by Author "Yigezu, Mekonnen"

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    Production of Epoxy Oil From Podocarpus Falcatus Seed (Zigba) Via Epoxidation Reaction Using Sulphuric Acid Catalyst
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Yigezu, Mekonnen; Beteley, Tekola (PhD)
    Epoxidized vegetable oils are the most surprise importance because of their sustainable, renewable and environment friendly nature and they are substituted the petrochemical resource’s. The main objective of this study was investigating the production of epoxidized oil from Podocarpus falcatus seed through epoxidation reaction via sulphuric acid as homogeneous reaction with perfomic acid. The physicochemical characteristics of seed, oil and epoxidized oil of Podocarpus falcatus were investigated using standard analytical methods. The proximate compositions of the seeds were as follows: moisture (6.02%), ash (2.25%), crude fat (65.73%), seed density (1.04 g/m ), volatile matter (86.46), and fixed carbon content (5.3%). In addition to this, physicochemical characteristics of Podocarpus falcatus oil were moisture content (2.2 %), viscosity (30.5 m.Pa. s) acid value (3.11 mg KOH/g, free fatty acid (1.54 mg KOH/g). saponification value (181.93 mg KOH/g) specific gravity (0.922). iodine value (107.18 g I2/ g 100 oil %). and refractive index (1.468). The experiments were carried out by Design-Expert 7.0.0 three-level-three-factor Box -Behnken Design and it was applied for experimental design and statistical analysis of results. A total of 15 experiments were conducted at conditions of reaction temperature 50, 60 and 70 3 C, molar ratio of hydrogen per oxide to oil 1.1, 1.4 and 1.7 and 3, 4.5 and 6 hours of reaction time. From the analysis of experimental results, the individual and interaction effects were studied and the optimal epoxidation reaction process conditions, which will maximize the percentage of conversion and selectivity were found to be 63 o °C reaction temperature, 1.4:1 molar ratio of hydrogen per oxide to oil and 4 hours of time reaction, which gave 70.9% and 90.07 percentage of conversion and selectivity respectively. The product of epoxidized podocarpus falcatus oil were characterized by identifying the structure, functional group and composition of podocarpus falcatus seed oil, in comparison to epoxidized podocarpus falcatus oil, using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and proton Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.