Browsing by Author "Yared, Lemma (Mr.)"
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Item Developing A Competitive Supply Chain Practice Model for Lebu Industry Zone by Sharing Knowledge from Multinational Companies in Bole Lemi Industrial Park(Addis Ababa University, 2019-10) Lioul, Mekonnen; Yared, Lemma (Mr.); Fitsum, Getachew (Mr.) Co-AdvisorOne of the most important competitive resources that a business can have is knowledge. This has been repetitively emphasized in the literature of knowledge management. One of the most significant aspect of knowledge management is knowledge sharing. Ethiopia has a good advantage because of the multinational companies working on the various industry parks in the country, one of the industry park is Bole Lemi.The need to develop a competitive advantage model in Ethiopia has long been recognized an important consideration. More ironically, there is inadequate knowledge on how Ethiopia’s textiles and apparel manufactures can adopt contemporary competitiveness attributes to become more innovative and produce unique products that can penetrate both local and foreign markets. This research used both qualitative and quantitative methods and a combination of both primary and secondary sources of data. The research conducts an extensive literature review of knowledge transfer models, multinational companies, and supply chain practices of garment industries. The purpose of this research is developing a competitive supply chain practice transfer model. Forty-three (43) persons of managers and experts in the garment industry are selected as the sample volume. The tool for data collection is questionnaire and the researcher used AMOS software to analyze data. The data collected for the purpose of this study is analyzed analysis include two parts: first, descriptive analysis is presented. second factor analysis is conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), applying expletory factor analysis in the first stage to identify the model that contains the factor that have the most significant impact on competitive advantage using spss-20 then the second stage the fitness of the models tested through confirmatory factor analysis using Amos. Before implementing SEM reliability and consistency of the data was tested, in order to ensure its validity for the analysis. The finding of this thesis largely support hypothesis relationship proposed in the theoretical model. Indicates that Effectiveness of supply chain practice transfer which is measured by changes in the practice and perceived supply chain practice usefulness will have a positive impact on competitive advantage.Item Development strategy of the government gives priority to local industries which consider the technological capacity of the country and which are smooth and suitable to the technological transformation to substitute imports. Align to this developmental direction many local and foreign direct investors were attracted to the metals and engineering sector. Reinforcement bar manufacturing industries are one of these categories which produce the main input for construction sector of the country. As many investors were attracted to these industries the design capacity of industries producing this product were increasing from year to year and reached currently on 4,754,874 ton per annum. These companies are operating with low capacity utilization as 32% capacity utilization in 2014/15 which was decreased to 6.79% in 2019. Report of 2019 indicated that on average 57.51% of reinforcement bar yearly consumption are imported. The objective of the study is to identify factor that highly affect consumer purchasing decision, whether there is evidence based quality difference between local and imported reinforcement bar or not, the product that have higher price and to identify the more available product in the market as per consumer need. For the purpose of this study primary and secondary data has been collected through different data collection mechanisms, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis. The result revealed that quality is the major factor that highly influences consumer shift from local to imported reinforcement bar followed by availability. However, tested quality result of secondary data indicates that local reinforcement bar have higher quality than imported. This contradicts the consumers view. Moreover, all primary and secondary data analyzed shows that local reinforcement bar is more available in market than imported and price of imported is higher than local. As quality problem arises from products produced from scrap manufacturers should strongly control the quality of products produced from scrap through installation of necessary laboratory facilities, manipulation of chemical composition at melting stage, determination of rebar grade and should price accordingly. Government also should contribute its share by tightening its quality control method. Furthermore, to increase the supply of local industries the government should intervene to increase availability of raw materials locally through the development of iron ore by direct reduction iron (DRI) process.(Addis Ababa University, 2020-06) Aboma, Tariku; Yared, Lemma (Mr.); Gezahegn, Tesfaye (PhD) Co-AdviserDevelopment strategy of the government gives priority to local industries which consider the technological capacity of the country and which are smooth and suitable to the technological transformation to substitute imports. Align to this developmental direction many local and foreign direct investors were attracted to the metals and engineering sector. Reinforcement bar manufacturing industries are one of these categories which produce the main input for construction sector of the country. As many investors were attracted to these industries the design capacity of industries producing this product were increasing from year to year and reached currently on 4,754,874 ton per annum. These companies are operating with low capacity utilization as 32% capacity utilization in 2014/15 which was decreased to 6.79% in 2019. Report of 2019 indicated that on average 57.51% of reinforcement bar yearly consumption are imported. The objective of the study is to identify factor that highly affect consumer purchasing decision, whether there is evidence based quality difference between local and imported reinforcement bar or not, the product that have higher price and to identify the more available product in the market as per consumer need. For the purpose of this study primary and secondary data has been collected through different data collection mechanisms, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis. The result revealed that quality is the major factor that highly influences consumer shift from local to imported reinforcement bar followed by availability. However, tested quality result of secondary data indicates that local reinforcement bar have higher quality than imported. This contradicts the consumers view. Moreover, all primary and secondary data analyzed shows that local reinforcement bar is more available in market than imported and price of imported is higher than local. As quality problem arises from products produced from scrap manufacturers should strongly control the quality of products produced from scrap through installation of necessary laboratory facilities, manipulation of chemical composition at melting stage, determination of rebar grade and should price accordingly. Government also should contribute its share by tightening its quality control method. Furthermore, to increase the supply of local industries the government should intervene to increase availability of raw materials locally through the development of iron ore by direct reduction iron (DRI) process.Item Ethiopian Coffee Supply Chain Risk Assessment(AAU, 2018-06) Semere, Gebreleul; Yared, Lemma (Mr.); Merertu, Wakuma (Mrs.) Co-AdvisorThe global coffee sector daily confronts risks that could hamper production, curtail potential markets, decimate margins, and even ruin entire networks of growers, roasters, marketers, traders, and exporters. Recent events have vividly demonstrated that a disruption affecting an entity anywhere in the supply chain can have a direct effect on a company’s ability to continue operations, get finished goods to market or provide critical services to customers. Coffee sector can be considered as an important industry for the development of agriculture and rural areas of Ethiopian. However, the current practices in production and the changes of domestic and global economy, especially price crisis risk, Environmental change risk; coffee growers, collectors, unions, Exporters in Ethiopia are in conditions of being exposed to various types of risks and uncertainties. This study assesses and analyze the risk factors that adversely impact the Ethiopian coffee supply chain and those working within the coffee sector. Eighty-one risk factors are identified using Literature review, questionnaires and interview. These risk factors grouped under nine categories which are including, Financial and Economic Risks, Technical, Personal and Managerial, Resource, Governmental and Political, Contract and Legal, Safety and Security, Environmental, Farm risk and analyzed using FMEA; thirty-two of them are characterized as major risk factors. By using vensim which is a system dynamic tool, relationship of the major risk factors was made and based on these major risk factors, mitigation strategy and risk management frame work are proposed. The result can help managers to shift resource to identified major risk factors.Item Impact of Occupational Health and Safety on Workers‟ Productivity in Textile Industries in Addis Ababa(AAU, 2017-10) Mengistu, Gadisa; Yared, Lemma (Mr.); Asfaw, Regasa (Mr.) Co-AdvisorThe study was conducted to investigate the impact of occupational health and safety workers‟ productivity of textile industries in Addis Ababa city. Several industries have key workers with personal protective device but with no practically trained. Diseases and accidents result not only fatality of the workers but also in productivity reduction and financial impact on textile industries even though the top management of the industries may not fully understand the impact of occupational health and safety on workers‟ productivity. The data collection method was based on the questionnaire survey, interview, and observation in five selected textile industries in Addis Ababa. This study indicated that workers‟ productivity was reduced based on the data obtained from the five industries. The accidents were notified as body injuries on workers as mortal and disability. The common cause of occupational accidents in textile industries were transporting objects, design work place, manual material handling, overload, fatigue, stress, lower performance increased irritability, slippery, machine, and dust particle. Common type of injuries in textile industries were burn, abrasion cut, piercing ,puncture ,fracture, eyes injury and others. Commonly affected body parts were finger, hand, tooth, back bone, eyes injuries and toe. The common cause of occupational diseases in textile industries were heavy chemical, air dust particle, extreme temperature, working position sitting, and standing, repetitive motion and task are more causes diseases in employees. The commonly diseases in textile industries were allergic, hypersensitivity, headache, typhus, pneumonia, otitis, respiratory track, typhoid, dyspnea and others. Less attention for providing the necessary personal protective device and accommodations significantly contributes to safety and health problems in textile industries with the result on workers‟ productivity in textile industries. The results showed that because of work related diseases 162 male and 920 female workers were absent from their work at least for three days in those five case companies. This concern is a public health issue that goes beyond the injured employee to affect the entire society. When the employees‟ ability to earn is disrupted by an event such as Workplace disease the financial stability of the family is seriously threatened. Because of the above reason total of 1902 working days were lost annually. During the lost days, absent workers from work were paid for medical treatment and salary, accident and injury, compensation, lose or reduction of production capacity due to inexperienced workers, loss of customers resulted from being unsatisfied of the less production capacity. Training for new employees for safety and health related issues also call for additional unproductive expenditure from the companies. 58 people were injured due to various contributing condition at work place of the five textile companies covered in this study and among these 40 (68.9%) were female workers. Due to this injury problem 505 working days were lost in one year. this research, ways to improve impacts of occupational health and safety on worker productivity in textile industries.