Browsing by Author "Wondwossen, Kalkidan(MSc )"

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    Caregiver’s Knowledge and Utilization of Growth Monitoring and Promotion for under 2 years children in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, 2020.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-09) Ahmed, Fuad; Gebremichael, Bereket (MSc,Ass’t Professor); Wondwossen, Kalkidan(MSc )
    Background: Growth monitoring and promotion is a prevention activity comprised of growth monitoring, linked with promotion that increases awareness about child growth and serves as the core activity in an integrated child health and nutrition program. Even though growth monitoring and promotion would appear to be a prerequisite for a good child health, several studies have shown that there is a “know-do gap” among caregivers. Objective This study was aimed to assess caregiver‟s knowledge and utilization of Growth monitoring and promotion services for children under two years old in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia 2020. Method Community based cross sectional study supplemented with qualitative design was conducted in Debre Berhan from February- May2020. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used. For quantitative part, from the 421 estimated sample size 402caregivers were selected by using a single population proportion formula with simple random sampling and data was collected using adopted, structured and pretested interviewer administered questionnaire. For qualitative 6 purposively selected health extension workers were interviewed (in depth interview) to supplement the quantitative study to find out the challenges. Quantitative data was entered into Epi data version 4.0.2 then exported to a Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were computed to see the association of independent with the dependent variables. The results were reported as Odds Ratio and 95% Confidence interval. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Result with 402(95.4%) response rate, only 35% of the care givers were found to have adequate knowledge about GMP while utilization of GMP services was 13.4%.Illiterate caregivers were 3 times less likely to know about Growth monitoring and promotion than those with secondary or above level of education [AOR=3.54; (95% CI=1.22, 10.72)].Caregivers who didn‟t get an explanation about the weight status of their child were 5 times less likely to have adequate knowledge about Growth monitoring and promotion than their counterparts [AOR=5.02; (95% CI=2.626, 9.597)].Additionally, those who said there was no nutritional counseling and education sessions at the health facility were 2.4 times less likely to be knowledgeable about Growth monitoring and promotion than those that attended the session [AOR=2,4; (95% CI=1.356, 4.359)].Residents at rural area were more likely to utilize growth monitoring and promotion than urban area [AOR=0.128; (95% CI=0.035, 0.474)]. The odds of young child age group (0-5 and 6-11month) not to utilize Growth monitoring and promotion were lower by 87.7% and 80.7% respectively compared to the 18-23 months of age [AOR=0.123 and 0.193;(95% CI=0.029, 0.517 and 0.049,0.764)]. Children‟s with more than 5 family members were 3 times less likely to utilize Growth monitoring and promotion than those with less[AOR=2.97; (95% CI =1.171,7.536)].The odds of not utilizing the service were lower by 94% for those who travel less than an hour to reach the health facility [AOR=0.06 ; (95% CI=0.014,0.261))]. Care givers with poor knowledge were 2.4 times more likely not to utilize Growth monitoring and promotion than those who had good knowledge [AOR= 2.45 ;( 95% CI=1.125-5.332)].Qualitatively, workload, lack of materials, lack of training and supervision were among the major challenges faced by health extension workers. Conclusion and recommendation Both Knowledge and utilization of Growth monitoring and promotion were low. Thus, efforts should be made to deliver supportive supervision, trainings and materials to health posts. Additionally, promotional campaigns must be initiated to create awareness in both the rural and urban side of the city.
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    Determinants of Low Birth Weight among newborns delivered at Addis Ababa public Hospitals (unmatched case control study),Addis Abeba,Ethiopia,2018/2019.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-02) Baye, Getaneh; Gebremichael, Bereket (MSc,Ass’t Professor); Wondwossen, Kalkidan(MSc )
    Background: Low birth weight is closely associated with fetal and neonatal morbidity, inhibited growth and cognitive development, and chronic diseases in life. Birth weight also predicts the child’s future health, growth, psychosocial development, and survival. Low birth weight can be defined as weight at birth less than 2,500 grams irrespective of gestational age. In developing countries, a birth weight below 2,500 grams is the leading cause of infant and child mortality and contributes to several poor health outcomes. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of LBW is as high as more than 13% according to studies from different regions of the country. Birth weight is a good summary measure of multifaceted public health problems that include long-term maternal malnutrition, ill health, and poor health care during pregnancy. Objectives: Main aim of this study is to identify determinant factors of low birth weight among newborns delivered in Addis Ababa public hospitals 2018/2019. Methods: A hospital based unmatched case control study will be conducted among 279 deliveries from March to April 1 2019 in Addis Ababa public hospitals, Ethiopia. The sample size is determined using double population proportion formula N=279. Consecutive sampling technique will be used to get cases and systematic sampling to get controls. Data will be collected by interviewing the mothers, reviewing medical records and measuring the anthropometry of the mothers and the newborns using structured and pretested questionnaire. Data will be entered using Epi-data 4.12 software and analysis will be done using SPSS 23. Variables that show significant association in the bivariate logistic regression analysis (p<0.25) will be entered in multivariable logistic regressions model. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p value ≤0.05 will be used to claim statistical significance. Work plan: The study will be conducted from September to June, 2018/2019. Budget: The total budget required for this project is 35970 Ethiopian birr
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    Survival status and predictors of mortality among under-five children with severe acute malnutrition admitted to stabilization center at Jinka general hospital, Southern Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-06) Chonka, Tamiru; Gebremichael, Bereket(MSc, Ass’t Professor); Wondwossen, Kalkidan(MSc )
    Background: Globally, nearly 49 million under-five children were wasted and 17 million were severely wasted in 2018.In Africa, about 13.8 million and 4 million children were wasted and severely wasted respectively. Severe acute malnutrition contributes to one million under five deaths each year which is about 45 percent of deaths in this particular age group. With the existence of functional Stabilization centers following standard protocol many developing countries continue to experience high mortality of children with severe acute malnutrition. Objective: To determine survival status and identify predictors of mortality among under-5 children with severe acute malnutrition admitted to Stabilization Center. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was employed among 388 under-five children with Sever Acute Malnutrition admitted to stabilization center at Jinka General Hospital between January 2017 and December 2019. The data was collected from randomly selected records from each year. Data was entered to Epi-Data and exported to SPSS Version 25 for analysis. The Kaplan Meier survival curve is used to estimate the cumulative survival time. Log rank tests were used to compare probability of hazard among variables. Bi-varaite and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify predictor variables and variables having p value < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result: Findings of this study showed that the overall survival times at 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days were; 99.2%, 97.9%, 90.5%, 87.9%, and 86.6% respectively with mean length of stay of 12 days. Adjusting other variables children with edema were AHR 2.38, Tuberculosis (AHR 2.39), malaria (AHR 4) and anemia (AHR 3.12) times more likely to die than their counterparts. On the other hand, children treated with amoxicillin were 59% and mebendazole 84% more likely to survive than not treated. Conclusion: Death rate while being on treatment is high in this study area. But recovery rate, default rate and transfer rate are acceptable according pre-existing standard. Children having edema, malaria, anemia, Tuberculosis and being treated with amoxicillin and mebendazole were independent predictors of mortality.