Browsing by Author "Wondimu, Tigist (PhD)"

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    Diversity and Uses of Plant Species in Chato Natural Forest, Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, West Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-08-08) Teshome, Habtamu; Wondimu, Tigist (PhD)
    The role of plant species in everyday lives of rural communities in Horo-Gudru district (Wellega Zone, West Ethiopia) is highly prominent. However, no scientific documentation has been found to the knowledge of the researcher. The present study aimed at documenting the diversity and uses of plant species in the district. Purposive sampling was done and sampling of plant specimen took place from 40 quadrants, which were established in Chato Forest (a Natural forest located nearby the community and used as plant resource). Sampling of informants for use purpose was undertaken from rural villages around the Chato forest. The total number of informants involved in this study were 45:30 male (age 18-65 years) and 15 female (21-71 years). Semi-structured interview and guided field walk were the methods used to collect Ethnobotanical data. A total of 142 specimens were collected consisting of 103 and 39 woody and herbaceous species, respectively. Three plant community types were identified and named after the species that are dominant in the community. Major uses of local plant species are for traditional medicine, human consumption as food, animal feed, household construction, for detergent and firewood. The result in this study evidenced that the area is rich in plant diversity. These results confirm that “apparent” plants, perennial woody species, are used by the communities living around the forest more than the “non-apparent” short life cycle herbaceous species.
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    Efficient Practices of Farmers` to Control Striga Hermonthica Weed Infestation on Sorghum: a Case Study of Ensaro District, Central Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-09-09) Demissie, Solomon; Wondimu, Tigist (PhD)
    The study was conducted in Ensaro District lowland (Kolla) areas found in North Shoa Administrative Zone, Amhara National Regional State with the aims to identify, describe and evaluate the control practices of Striga hermonthica weed infestation on sorghum by farmers of the study area. Data were collected through Participatory Rural Appraisal using semi-structured interview, questionnaire, field observations and group discussion. The different control practices of this weed infestation in the study area were analyzed using descriptive statistics, preference ranking and paired comparison. The more efficient control practices of the study area were combinations of post emerging herbicides, hand weeding and use of inorganic fertilizers. About 68 % of the interviewed member of the local communities and Agricultural extension workers had positive attitude on the effectiveness of the practices. Since the area is highly infested by the Striga hermonthica weed for a long period of time as a result the grain yield of Sorghum doesn’t meet the expectations of the farmers. Although the controlling practices are better solutions than using none, there is still a need to put more effort for irrevocable solution.
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    Ethnobotanical documentation of Functional Food Plants Around Debre Markos District, East Gojjam, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-08) Belay, Hirut; Wondimu, Tigist (PhD)
    An ethnobotanical study of Functional Food Plants was conducted to document indigenous knowledge of the people in Debre Markos District, East Gojjam, Ethiopia. Data collection was conducted from October, 2015 to July, 2016 using ethnobotanical methods. Among the 21 villages in the District, ten villages were randomly sampled to conduct the study. A total of 80 informants (61 males and 19 females) between ages of 20 and 79 were selected to participate in the study and provide information about Functional Food Plants grown and utilized in the District. Of these 80 informants, 20 were selected (as key informants) based on the recommendation obtained from elders and kebele administrators while the rest were selected through random sampling method. Ethnobotanical data were collected using semi-structured interviews and group discussion. A total of 29 species belonging to 27 genera and 19 families were recorded as functional food plants grown in the District. Poaceae and Fabaceae appeared to be the most diverse families comprising 5 and 4 species, respectively. The habits (growth form) of the species are herbs (23), shrubs (3), and trees (3). The most frequently used plant parts were grains (23.4%), followed by leaves (13.8%). The most widely used method of preparation was cooking/boiling of seeds (23.4%) followed by raw/unprocessed (12.9%). Informant consensus showed that Lupinus albus L. (Gibto) to be the most frequently reported species (90%) followed by Eragrostis tef L. (Dabbo teff) (78.8%). Preference ranking showed Linum usitatissimum L. (Telba) to be the most preferred species to prevent several diseases. Direct matrix analysis based on general use value of functional food plants revealed that Eragrostis tef L. (Dabbo teff) to be the most important species. Fidelity level index showed Cinnamomum verum L. (Kerefa) and Lupinus albus L. (Gibto) to have high functional value to prevent against Diabetes millets and Hypertension respectively. The main threat of few Functional Food Plants as Lupinus albus (Gibto) in the study area were reported to be lesson of agricultural lands due to construction of new buildings as the woreda is the central city of East Gojjam Zone. So, stalk holders must give attention to solve the problem. Key words / phrase: - Debre Markos, Ethnobotany, Functional Food Plants, Indigenous Knowledge, Phytochemicals
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    Ethnobotanical Study of Wild Edible Plants Used by Local Communities in Mandura District, North West Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-08-09) Terefe, Abatfenta; Wondimu, Tigist (PhD)
    Changes in the life style of human society due to domestication of selected species and devel-oping agro forestry caused ignorance of wild food plants and related knowledge. Moreover, the extensive utilization coupled with other human activities such as agricultural expansion, firewood and charcoal extraction and introduction of exotic species affects the natural envi-ronment where wild food plants occur. This study aimed to explore and document the wild ed-ible plants along with the traditional knowledge on utilization of wild food plant resources used by local people in Mandura district Northwest Ethiopia. A total of 66 informants were selected by Systematic random sampling method from 5 study sites selected purposively. Semi-structured interview, focus group discussion and field observations were tools of data collection. Descriptive statistics, preference ranking, direct matrix ranking, and informant con-sensus were used to analyze the data. A total of 25 wild edible plant species have been identi-fied from the study area. Of these plants species, trees account for 40% followed by shrubs (28%), herbs (20%) and climber (12%). Regarding with edible parts, fruits account 13(52%) followed by leaves 6 (24%), young stem 3 (12%), tuber 2 (8 %) and seeds 1(4%). These plant species are consumed either raw (60%) or cooked (40%) and most of them are collected by women or children. According to preference ranking analysis, leaves of Justicia ladanoides and Croton macrostachyus Del are the most preferred plant species because of their sweet taste. Although most popular multi-purpose wild food plants species such as Balanites aegyptiaca, Cordia africana , Saba comorensis are mostly exploited and endangered species due to, human impacts such as introduction of exotic weedy species, charcoal making, fire wood collection, house hold construction, and deforestation for agricultural expansion lands contributed much to the disappearance of these plants. But conservation practice of these wild food plants by lo-cal communities is less. Thus, community participation is the suggested solution for the con-servation and sustainable use of the wild edible plants in study area.
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    Ethnobotany and Morphological Trait Analyses of Enset Plant Along With Evaluation of Farmers’ Propagation Practice for the Wild Relative in Kaffa Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06-06) Woldegebriel, Asaminew; Demissew, Sebsebe (Professor); Wondimu, Tigist (PhD)
    Ensete ventricosum ((Welw.) Cheesman, Musaceae) is a multipurpose plant cultivated in Ethiopia. This study was conducted in Decha, Chena and Gimbo districts (Kaffa zone) to document morphological diversity, qualities, threats, propagation and management practices along with testing the propagation performance of wild Enset relatives. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to select study sites and the households, respectively. Data were collected from 120 Enset farms through interview, observation, and field experiment. Morphological traits were recorded for each landrace and wild relative. Twelve treatment combinations in three replicates were tested. Microsoft Excel 2010, R 3.4.3 and SAS programs were used for data analysis. Two wild Enset relatives and 52 cultivated Enset landraces were identified. Wild Enset relatives were inedible (bitter corm tastes and thought to have black kocho) and fast growing (mean maturity age = 4.34 years) on which the pest and disease attacks were not observed. However, over leaf utilization, deforestation, and lack of conservation interest might have contributed to the scarcity. They were uniquely observed with wider mean size (0.78 + 0.34 to 0.86 + 0.06 meter) and deep green color of leaf. Cultivated Enset landraces were scaled as low, moderate and high for their uses and agromorphological qualities. Though poor performance was observed, the field experiment evidenced that the propagation practice of Enset growers is applicable to the wild relatives. Therefore, the previously reported wild Enset reproduction (via seed) can be assisted by asexual propagation. Adopting the best traits will contribute to the conservation of Enset plant.
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    Ethnobotany of Shade Trees in Coffee Plantation System in Anfillo District, Kelem Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-08) Bulcha, Aboma; Wondimu, Tigist (PhD)
    Farmers have a good understanding of the positive and negative interactions between the shade canopy and the coffee crop. Coffea arabica L. is extensively cultivated by households under a variety of shade trees in Anfillo District of Kelem Wollega Zone. This study was conducted in Anfillo District of Kelem Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State. The aim of this study is to identify the most important shade tree species and to document farmers' knowledge on the environmental and socioeconomic benefits of the shade trees in coffee production systems. Ethnobotanical data were collected through structured and semi-structured interview, guided field walk and field observation. Data analyzed using the standard ethnobotanical methods. A total of sixty five informants which are between the age of 25-70 were involved in this research, of which eight were selected as key informants. of which, eight were selected as key informants. A total of twelve coffee shade tree species that have more than 10 major use categories were recorded. The ranking analyses showed that Albizia gummifera, and Millettia ferruginea as the most preferred coffee shade trees. Leguminous trees (Fabaceae) are the most diverse group in both semi-forest and semi-plantation coffee system. Farmers preferred these species in their coffee plantation due to their soil fertility improvement. In addition to shade provision, coffee shade trees are important in improving soil fertility (leaf fall provide mulch), increasing the yield and size of coffee beans, and others. However, denser shading resulted in lower yields and under full sun, cup quality and coffee bean size decrease. There is a need to determine the appropriate density of shade trees to maximize the productivity of coffee plants. Keywords: Ethnobotany, leguminous trees; shaded coffee systems
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    Ethnobotanyoftraditional Medicinal Plants in Hawa Gelan District,Kelem Wollega Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-09) Ayana, Fikiru; Wondimu, Tigist (PhD)
    An ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants were conducted to identify and document medicinal plant species used by the community to treat both human and livestock diseaese in Hawa Gelan District, Kellem Wollega Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia between December 2016 and August 2017. A total of 100 informants were selected who represent the community of the study area.The ethnobotanical data collection method in this study were semi-structured interview, group discussion, field observation , market survey and others. A total of 102 medicinal plant species which distributed across 47 families were identified.Of these 63 plant species were wild and the remaining 39 were from homegarden.The most abundant growth forms of plants were herbs which account 38.23%(39) followed by shrubs which account 27.45%(28) ,the third life forms were trees which account 24.50%(25) and the rests were climbers ,which is only 9.80%(10). Of all the 102 medicinal plants of the study area 73 of them were used to treat human , 15 species were used to treat livestock and 14 species were used to treat both of them. The most abundants families were Fabaceae (10 species) followed by Solanaceae (9 species), Asteraceae ( 8) and Lamiaceae (6) and others were also observed in study area.The highly utilized parts of plants were leaves then followed by root.The majority of condition of of prepation was from fresh materials followed by dried and mixture of both. About 58 health problems were reported in the district out of these 45 were of human ,5 health problem were of livestock only and 9 were of both human and livestock disease identified in study area. The highest mode of preparation were squeezing and pounding which have equal percentage of preparation and the next was crushing mode. The most commonly used route of admistration was oral followed by dermal application methods.The results indicate that rular community of Ethiopia are still knowledgeable about traditional medicinal plants despite the impact of land use land cover in the area,as it happens in other parts of the country. The major threatening factor to medicinal plants was agricultural expansion. The fragmented forest left in the study area shuold be protected from anthropogenic factor and concervation action on medicinal plants should be encouraged . Key words :Ethnomedicine,Medicinal Plants,Wollega Zone
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    Multipurposeshrubs and Trees Used by Peoples at Woreta, Fogera District, South Gondaradministrative Zone
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-08-04) Gebru, Emebet; Wondimu, Tigist (PhD)
    Multipurpose Shrubs and Trees Used by People at Woreta, Fogera District,South Gonder Administrative Zone Emebet Gebru,2017 The purpose of study is to document and analyze in formation on the useand conservation of multipurpose shrubs and trees around woreta ,Fogera district, south Gondar zone. Data were collected by using ethnobotanical methods that include field work, semi structured interview and questionnaires. Data collection was applied through active participation of traditional healers, stakeholder in each sampled Kebele, farmers and other communities.This included atotal of 77 informants of which 55 were key informants The analysis of the data involved informantconsensus,preference ranking, direct matrix ranking with support of tools.A total of62 plant species belonges to 51genera have been identified in the study area.Among these 31species were reported for their various culturalimportance,17spceiesused for traditional medicine,14species used as food sources.twenty eight of the total species distributed in the natural forest,23speciesfrom around homesteade,7species from road sides,6speciesfrom agricultural land in the study area. plantation of tree & shrubs is the main management system to contribute from soil erosion and atmospheric balance on the study area were recorded.
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    Perception Of Local People on Impacts of Agricultural Encroachment on Plant Biodiversity in Bellojiganfoy District, Kamash Zone, Benshangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-08) Adera, Shimelis; Wondimu, Tigist (PhD)
    Extensive agriculture is a means towards food security and agricultural development. On the other hand it may induce habitat change and loss of biodiversity if not practiced with appropriate consideration. Most extensive agricultural activities focus in monoculture system of production which may also aggravate the situation. The increasing demand of land for agriculture is forcing the human population to intrude into the natural ecosystems in different parts of the world. The present study aimed at assessing the impact of agricultural encroachments on the biodiversity of the natural environment in Bellodjiganfoy district, Kamashi zone, Beninshangul Gumuz region of Ethiopia. The study involved local people perception from whom ethnobiological data through questionnaires collected. Twenty-seven quadrats in 9 transects were also used to collect ecological data. The findings from this study evidenced the negative impacts of agricultural encroachment on the overall biodiversity in Bellojiganfoy district. The results from this study will provide baseline data in respect to agriculture and biodiversity conservation. Key words: Agricultural encroachment, Biodiversity and Plant species diversity
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    Wild Edible Plant Resources in Guangua and Banja Districts and Contribution for Food Security
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-08-02) Degualem, Adbaru; Wondimu, Tigist (PhD)
    Wild edible plants (WEPs) are commonly used to meet food requirements of rural people, especially during periods of food shortage. An ethnobotanical study of WEPs was conducted in Guangua and Banja districts of the Awi zone, Northwest of Amhara, Ethiopia. A total of 95 informants (78 males & 17 females) have involved in this study and help with the documentation of relevant ethnobotanical information about WEPs. Data collection and analyses employed simple statistics in ethnobotanical methods. The study resulted in documentation of 33 WEP species growing and utilized in the study area. These species are distributed in 28 genera & 22 families. Fruits were the most commonly used plant parts in the community (63.6%; 21 species) and most of them are eaten fresh as raw (78.8 %; 26 species). The result of preference ranking indicated that Rosa abyssinica is the most preferred wild fruit followed by Mimusops kummel. This was also supported by the pair-wise comparison. Direct matrix ranking analyses for the multipurpose species showed that Cordia africana, Syzygium guineense & Mimusops kummel as the most cited species used for different purposes. The informant consensus analysis showed that Cordia africana and Rosa abyssinica are the most threaten species due to diverse uses. Although informants listed Mimusops kummel, Syzygium guineense, Ximenia americana & Cordia africana as marketable food plants, it was Syzygium guineense & Ximenia americana that were available in the market. This might be due to availability of sufficient food resources in the season or could be loss of the resource and the associated knowledge.