Browsing by Author "Wondimagegnehu, Abigiya (PhD)"

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    Compiled body of work in Field Epidemiology
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2017-06) Asnake, Mugzer; Wondimagegnehu, Abigiya (PhD)
    Introduction: Measles is a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. An estimated 164,000 people died globally from measles in 2008 mostly children under the age of five. In Ethiopia, the expected case-fatality rate is between 3% and 6%; the highest case-fatality rate occurs in infants 6 to 11 months of age, with malnourished infants at greatest risk. The main aim of this outbreak investigation was to assess the magnitude and risk factor of measles infection in Wadera Woreda of Guji zone, Oromia Region, from 04-19/12/2016. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional followed by case-control study design was used to identify the risk factors. Unmatched case-control sample size determination with a ratio of 1:2 for cases and controls. Result: A total of 393 cases were reported. Six samples were taken and four of them were positive for measles. The Index case was female aged 20 years who was not vaccinated. We detected a period prevalence of 5.93/1000. In the variable analysis having previous measles infection and being vaccinated with measles vaccine has a protective factor with AOR=0.36,95%CI:0.16-0.76,P.value 0.008 and AOR;0.41,95%CI:0.17-0.97,P.value 0.043 respectively. while being under five years old and having contact history with measles cases are a risk factor for developing measles infection with AOR;2.83,95%CI(1.25-6.43),P. value 0.013 and AOR;6.75,95%CI(2.69-16.94),p. value < 0.0001 respectively. Discussion: Periodic measles outbreaks occur when a large number of susceptible accumulate in a community. Susceptible accumulate through time even in the setting of high routine measles vaccination coverage. Conclusion: The main factors contributing to this outbreak was the accumulation of large numbers of susceptible children over time in the Woreda.. Recommendation: Ministry of health, Regional health Bureau and Zonal health department to use the second opportunity of Supplementary Immunization Activities and have conducted a catch up and several follow up campaigns to increase measles immunity by keeping data records at all levels.