Browsing by Author "Wakjira, Ketema (PhD)"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    District Decentralization and Service Delivery: The Study of Water Supply in Chalia, Oromia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Chala Olika, Desalegn; Wakjira, Ketema (PhD)
    The purpose of this study was to assess the nature of Decentralization which describes the factors constraining of Water Supply service delivery, sectoral autonomy for the provision of WS services, district and supra- district institutional cooperation/ coordination and financial relations at the district level for WS services. it also assesses the level of community participation to promote WS and the extent decentralized district administration realizes water service delivery. Dara were gathered from both primary and secondary sources for obtaining primary data, interview, question and FGD were used as tools of data collection. The study basically used qualitative research approach. In doing so, the finding of the study reveals that in institutional and functional relationship is a decisive factor for the effective and responsive district water supply service delivery. The financial and human resource factors have hindered the implementation of water supply project in Chalia district. And also study performance was found to be low, which makes it difficult to conclude that there is significant change contrary to the expectations hoped to be realized after decentralization. This is because of constraints in financial and human resources and weaknesses in coordination and participation characterizing different actors in the district. Particularly, the lack of adequate owns revenue, participation and weak collaboration of the district, Zonal Water, mineral and Energy Office and Regional Water, Mineral and Energy Office have been challenging of WS project. Lack of proper coordination and participation hindered proper identification of local needs and resulted in lack of fairness in budget allocation for providing different public services. Priority setting has been dominated by other sector office and cabinet decisions, which restricted utilization of local potentials in terms of participation and affected the efficiency and responsiveness of the study district. Therefore the study controls that district WS service delivery needs qualified and excess of experts, coordination and integration of district and supra district, adequate amount of budget, community participation in planning and monitoring and mobilizing other stakeholders like NGOs for WS service delivery.
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    Federalism and Environmental Policy in Ethiopia: The Case Study of Batu City Administration in Oromia National Regional State
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Deksiso Kawo, Habib; Wakjira, Ketema (PhD)
    The aim of this study is to assess the environmental policy in the federal system of Ethiopia thereby to analyze the state of devolution in the environmental matters with particular reference to Batu City administration of Oromia state. Basic research questions, including the extent of the environmental policy decentralization and effectiveness of environmental policy implementation, whether the environmental policy is consistent with socio-cultural values of local community and the challenges of managing environment in the Batu city administration of Oromia The study was carried out in Batu city administration of Oromia region. It has utilized a case study design and a mixed research approach. The instruments used to gather the required information for the study were questionnaire, key informant interview and focus group discussion (FGD) as well as personal observation. The total number of respondents who took in questionnaire and key informant interview 70 and 12 respectively; a FGD comparising eight participants was also conducted. The obtained data through questionnaire were analyzed through simple statistics while those obtained through key informant interview, focus group discussion and observation were interpreted qualitatively. The major findings of the study include: Niether the regional state nor the urban local government is empowered to effectively implement environmental policy. There are lack of compliance between environmental legal provision and socio-cultural values of the local community. Particularily, the development projects like floriculture have not implemented the extant Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Consequentely, the lack of effective EIA has detrimental human and other biotic life in and around Batu City Administration. Hence, it is the argument of this Thesis that environmental policy making and implementation in the federation need meaningful participation of the people, devolved environmental power for both the regional and urban local government; and effective implementation of EIA by investment projects like floriculture.
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    Federalism and Environmental Policy: The Case of Burayou City
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Lemma, Mesfin; Wakjira, Ketema (PhD)
    The aim this research is to analyze the adequacy of environmental policies and legal frameworks, competencies of the federal, regional state and urban local governments in protection of environment. It particularly examined the implementation of environmental policy in the city of Burayou. In doing so, the study employed a mixed research approach; and primary data were collected using interview, FDG, questionnaire and personal observation. The finding of this research shows that there is inadequate policy and legal frameworks for addressing environmental problems at the local level. Due to lack of significant regulations, directives, procedural guidelines, and lack of standards and baselines to protect the environment, the local communities living around the industries have been vulnerable to environmental hazards. Public participation in environmental decision making hardly exists at the city level; and the environmental accountability is yet to be attained. There is weak intergovernmental coordination among environmental sectors at the three levels. There has been little supervision over the environmental sector at the city level; and the environmental sector in the city of Burayou suffers from capacity constraints. Hence, this study contends that there is a need for empowering urban local governments, strengthen environmental policies, and build the capacity of environmental bodies and to promote IGRs for implementation of environmental policies in rapidly urbanizing cities like Burayou. Key Words: Environmental Federalism, Environmental Policy, Industrial Pollution, Burayou
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    IGR and Interregional Conflict Management in the Ethiopian Federation: The case of Oromia and SNNP Regional Governments
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-07) Aman, Mustefa; Wakjira, Ketema (PhD)
    This Thesis focuses on horizontal IGR between Oromia and SNNPR with a particular reference to the role of IGR in managing conflicts between West Arsi Zone (Oromia) and Sidama Zone (SNNPRS) based on the empirical evidences from the case Woredas on both Sidama of SNNPRS and West Arsi Zone of Oromia. It specifically examines the effectiveness of the institutions and mechanisms of IGRs for managing conflicts between these two administrations; and thereby evaluate whether the extant IGRs mitigate the conflicts. In order to achieve these objectives, the study employed in-depth interview, key informant interview, Focus Group Discussion and document review for obtaining primary data sources; and it has also utilized different secondary sources including books, Articles journal, published and unpublished sources. The study found out that, despite the previous studies view that the competition over natural resources as a principal cause of conflict between Sidama and West Arsi, the conflict was initially started for social recognition (killing as a signal for braveness and social prestige). At present, there are several underlining causes of the conflict ranging from historical, cultural, economic, and political to identity issues prior to the adoption of the federalism and after the formation of the federation. To this end, both traditional conflict resolution (TCR) and IGRs have been utilized to manage the conflict between Sidama of SNNPR and West Arsi of Oromia. Nonetheless, the IGR solution, which was predominantly informal in its form, to manage this conflict has been ineffective than the TCR. But the TCR alone, given the context of federal arrangement in the study area, couldn’t effectively resolve the conflict and the dynamics of issues at the interface between Sidama and West Arsi. It is, therefore, a contention of this thesis that a good combination of both the TCR and more formalized horizontal IGR could efficiently resolve the conflict between the Sidama of SNNPR and West Arsi of Oromia. Key Words: IGR, HIGR, Conflict Management, Interregional relations, Traditional Conflict Resolution
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    Urban Land Management Policy under the Ethiopian Federation: The Case of Adama City
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Haile , Girma; Wakjira, Ketema (PhD)
    Well-organized and valuable land management policy is indispensable for urban development and growth. This requires land policy making to be participatory, equitable, and transparent and the rule of law. The main objective of the study is to assess the nature and extent of urban land mangement policy making in the Ethiopian federation and the management of the same in the city of Adama. However, in study area urban land mangement practices and processes have been prone to maladministration due to the absence of participatory policy making at local level. Participatory policy making at local level guarantees that political, social and economic priorities are based on wide-ranging consensus in society and that the voices of the poorest and the most at risk are heard in decision-making over the allocation of land. The researcher has followed the mixed research method. The primary and secondary data have been collected using structured, semi-structured questionnaires and interviews as well as reading materials of the target area. There are several factors that influence policy-making at local government level, factor such as the constitution (the federal and State), political environment, financial environment, organized institution, capacity and community needs have a direct and significant effect on policy-making at this level of government. Capacity lacks probably consists of the factor that has the most detrimental effect on policy-making at local government level; and therefore the necessity for the relevant skills, knowledge and turn over relating to policy-making is indisputable.
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    Urbanization and its Cultural Impacts in the Ethiopian Federation: The Case of Addis Ababa and the Oromo
    (A.A.U, 2020-11) Furgasa, Chala; Wakjira, Ketema (PhD)
    The aim of this study is to assess how the rapid urbanization of Addis Ababa affects the culture of Oromo in the Ethiopian federation with particular reference to Addis Ababa and its surrounding. It specifically examines the contribution of federalism for the recognition and development of Oromo culture in and around Addis Ababa. The Thesis not only investigates the role of Oromia National Regional State (ONRS) in retaining Oromo culture but also identifies the challenges of promoting the Oromo Culture in and around Addis Ababa. In order to achieve these objectives, the study mainly relied on qualitative research approach to analyze the data obtained through key informant interview, while those obtained through questionnaire were analyzed through simple statistics. Different primary data collection instruments, including key informant interview and questionnaire were used to obtain primary data sources. It has also utilized different secondary sources including Books, journal Articles and published and non- published sources. The ONRS has tried to revive the Oromo culture in the city through opening Afan Oromo schools, revitalizing Gada system and conducting studies if an efforts made by the ONRS to preserve and to promote Oromo culture in the city are not adequate. The study found out that, at present, there are several undermining factors of Oromo culture including politicization of Oromo culture including identity, language, religion and social organization. The Addis Ababa city administration and the federal government are not concerning and giving credit as much as for the efforts of ONRS. The rapid pace of urbanization of Addis Ababa has been in contradiction with the Oromo culture (including identity, language, and religion/Waaqeffannaa in the city as well as with the interest of the surrounding Oromo inhabitants who also want to use, manifest and maintain its culture stuffs, under the current federal system. In contrast to the federal state set up that give equal recognition to diversified cultures and tradition, the centralized political practice, not cooperation of Addis Ababa city administration and federal government are among the challenges to recognize Oromo culture in the Addis Ababa/Finfinnee city. It is, therefore, an argument of this thesis that a multicultural city of Addis Ababa/Finfinnee can be created when the culture of diversified groups including Oromo culture are recognized, freely manifested and treated equally in the city without favoring a certain group culture.