Browsing by Author "Tsegaye, Michael"

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    An Assessement of Antiretroviral Therapy art Patients monitoring system in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2007-08) Tsegaye, Michael; Mekonen, Yared (PhD)
    The searchfor an HIV medicine dates back to the 1980 's where advances were made using monotheraphy. Today, the HIV therapy is based on the use of a combination of drugs known as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Ethiopia adopted a policy of antiretroviral (ARV) drug supply and use in July 2003 and moved towards Fee ARV treatment in JanuGlY 24, 2005. Since the start of the program, data was collected about patients taking the medicine. The collected data was to be used to aid decision making concerning the program and the overall HIV situation. The objective of this study paper is to assess the Ethiopian Antiretroviral Therapy Patient Monitoring System and its function in Addis Ababa. For the study, four public, Zewditu, Menilik II, St. Peter, and Yekatit 12, and three private, Bethezatha, Zenbaba and Bethel HO~jJitals were selected. The primary data was collected Fom ART personnel, data clerks, nurses and doctors. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with key informants/i'om relevant agencies. The collected data was analyzed based on a conceptual/i-amework, Data Demand and Information Use, which stressed the interplay of three determinants of a system. These determinates are, Behavioral, Technical and the Determinants at the System and fndividual Level. 'l'l1e process of the antiretroviral patient dataflow was also discussed to give a clearer picture of the system. The .findings of the study have shown that there is a strong sense of responsibility among employees working ill the ART section. Though the sections are understaffed alld overextended in tlleir efforts, the staffs do their best in aiding patients and colleagues. Supervisors have had roles to play in the creation of a good working environment. Whatever the effort of the staff, a number of improvements could be undertaken to advance the system. For one, the process (jf data.flow requires standardization and could be highly improved if the use of the software under tasting was accelerated. Internet use also would have a great impact in speeding up the reporting process. The reporting forms lack relevant/ields in some cases and sometimes ask redundant questions in other situations. Tilis situation creates feelings of boredom in the already unde/paid employees. Tlnls. elimination of these unnecessalY questions will have a positive impact in the behavior of employees. In conclusion. the study l/CIs identified a number of problems in the determinants. The majority (jf the identified problems revolve around personnel. However, in designing the variaus carrecting interventions. the interaction among the determinants and effect (jf one determinant on another should be kept in mind
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    Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used by Local Communities In Kebena District Gurage Zone Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-06-25) Tsegaye, Michael; Lulekal, Ermias (PhD); Debela, Asfaw (PhD)
    An ethnobotanical study of the knowledge on use and management of medicinal plants by local people in Kebena district was conducted from October 2020 to March 2021. The objective of the study was to gather and analyze information on the use, management and conservation of medicinal plants as well as status of indigenous knowledge of the local people. Data were gathered from local people, local healers and knowledgeable elders of the study area. A total of 80 informants (50 men and 30 women) aged between 25-80 years were selected via purposive and snowball sampling from ten Kebeles. Relevant information was collected by using semi-structured interview, market survey, field observation and focus group discussion. The Lamiaceae and Asteraceae stood first by contributing 6 (9.23%) species each; followed by Fabaceae and Solanaceae 5 (7.69%) species. From the total collected plants, 59 species were used for the treatment of 41 human ailments and 6 species were used to treat both livestock and human ailments. Herbs were the most utlized growth form followed by trees and shrubs. The most frequently used plant parts were leaves (46.05%). The common route of administration was oral (58%) followed by dermal and nasal. There were plants with higher informant consensus factor due to the wide range of human and livestock diseases that they are claimed to treat. There is high preference for Urtica simensis Steudel for treating anthrax, while paired comparison showed Lepidium sativum L. to be the most preferred species for treatment of human stomach ache. In addition, the apparent disinterest of the young generation in traditional medicine has become a major problem for the continuity of the knowledge of medicinal plants. The effort of local people in conserving medicinal plants is minimal since much of the medicinal plants were easily available and people have beendiscouraged to use traditional medicine. To tackle the depletion of knowledge from further loss and the loss of medicinal plants, recognition of traditional healers and cultivation of medicinal plants, participating government offices and NGOs is recommended