Browsing by Author "Tsegaye, Aster"

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    Prevalence and Type of Anaemia Due to Hookworm Infection Among the Populations of Wolisso
    (Addis Ababa University, 1995-06) Tsegaye, Aster; Mekonnen, Yalemtsehay (PhD)
    A community based case-control study to investigate the relationship between hookworm infection and anaemia was carried out on 227 apparently healthy individuals living around Wolisso area. Of these subjects 155 were cases (individuals infected with hookworm) and 72 were controls (uninfected). It was found that 20.6% of the cases and 5.6% of the controls were anaemic. Chi-squared analysis showed hookworm infection was significantly associated with low haemoglobin (odds ratio = 4.42, P0.05). When multiple criteria involving elevated mean corpuscular volume (~fCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and macrocytic blood picture were taken as suggestive of a macrocytic type of anaemia, 13.0% of the cases and 5.6 % of the controls fell into this category. Chi-squared analysis however, showed no statistically significant association between parameters suggestive of macrocytic anaemia and hookworm infection (odds ratio = 2.54, P>0.05). Further investigation is recommended to clearly indicate the role of hookworms in the genesis of megaloblastic anaemja by employing better biochemical assays. The intensity of infection was light and the anaemia was generally of mild type.
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    Validation of criteria for Manual Smear Review following Automated Complete Blood Counts Using the Rules Proposed by International Consensus Group for Hematology Review in St. Paul‟s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-12) Tefera, Belaynesh; Tsegaye, Aster; Hagos, Afework
    Background: Microscopic assessment of a peripheral blood smear is an essential diagnostic tool in hematology laboratory. It can complement the numerical values on the automated Full Blood Count (FBC) to provide a definite diagnosis or to guide further investigation of a patient. The results of a significant proportion of specimens are flagged by the analyzers, and require confirmation by smear review. Thus, there is a need to validate the rules for smear review proposed by International Consensus Group for Hematology Review (ICGHR). Objective: To validate criteria for manual smear review following automated complete blood counts (CBC) using the rules proposed by the International Consensus Group for Hematology Review in St.Paul‟s Hospital Millennium Medical College. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in St.Paul‟s Hospital Millennium Medical College from September to November 2019. A total of 500 blood samples were collected from patients who are referred to hematology laboratory for CBC evaluation and who fulfilled the eligibility criteria. CBC was performed by DxH 800 Beckman coulter and manual blood smear review was done on Wright‟s stained blood film. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Crosstabulation was used to determine sensitivity, specificity, Negative and positive predictive values (NPV, PPV), efficiency and review rate. Result: Out of 500 samples, 100 samples were flagged by the instrument when applying ICGHR rules. Out of these, 87 were positive when confirmed by slide review (true Flags) but 13 were negative on the smear (false positive). Moreover, 142 samples were smear positive; 55/142 smear positives were not flagged as per the ICGHR criteria (38.7%), false negative much higher than the ICGHR acceptable limit of 5% and 345 samples were true negative (normal smear and not flagged).The result showed the ICGHR rule based flagging had sensitivity of 61.3%, specificity of 96.4%, PPV 87%, NPV 86.3%, efficiency of 86.4% and review rate 20%. Conclusion: Each laboratory wishing to employ ICGHR rules have to validate them for their specific analyzer and sample population. This will ensure an acceptable false negative rate and avoid missing of clinically significant morphological abnormalities