Browsing by Author "Tilahun, Wondwosen"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Documentation and Description of Traditional Conflict Resolution of Sebat Bet Gurage: The Case of Chaha Gurage
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-04) Tilahun, Wondwosen; Zakaria, Ahimed (Professor)
    Conflict is inevitable. Different societies handle it in various traditional and modern ways. Gurage people in general and Cheha of Sebat bet Gurage in particular have their own traditional institutions that maintain peace and prevent conflict. Thus the aim of this study is to analyze conflict resolution mechanism of Sebat Bet Gurage with reference to Cheha Gurarge. The study investigates the causes and types of conflict among Cheha Gurarge. To investigate this qualitative study design is used. In-depth interview is employed to collect data from key informants like elders and opponents. Accordingly, the causes of conflict among Cheha Gurage can broadly be classified into social and economic domains. Social instability and quarrel are among the causes of the conflict that resulted in life losses. Car or traffic accident is the other emerging factor responsible for mortality of many innocent people. Conflicts of all type mostly resolved through traditional ways. The cases are traditionally adjudicated by elders in accordance with the customary law called Kitcha. The elder’s council takes place under podocurpus tree /Yejoka. As the homicide conflict case resolved through the customary way, the process can be seen in three phases. The first phase is Hetrat/cease fire where the conflicting parties are protected from further destruction. In the second stage litigation takes place among the disputant parties then verdict shall be given as to the type of murder (intentional or unintentional). Then, the reconciliation process takes place and a befitting compensation corresponding to the type of murder shall be given to the victim family’s .They make different ritual performances in order to clean from the crime. With heart full forgiveness both parties will avoid revenge and can live ahead peacefully. Having performed the ritual ceremony, parties can socialize each other.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Knowledge, attitude and practices of hotel staffs towards Ebola Virus Disease in Bole sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Tilahun, Wondwosen; Amare, Berhanu (PhD)
    Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a fatal illness. It has been causing health, economic, social and psychological problems on nationally, regionally as well as globally. The recent outbreak affected West Africa; it could spread to other countries, like Ethiopia, through trade and travel. Prevention was the best option. Hotel staff is one of the vulnerable groups for infectious disease like EVD. To design prevention strategy it is important to know their knowledge, attitude and practice towards EVD. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the status of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of hotel staff in Bole sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. To examine this descriptive study design was employed with qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from 9 hotels 396 staffs randomly selected. The questionnaire consisted of six sections with a total of 35 questions. The questions were intended to pertain respondents’ socio demographic data, their knowledge, perception, behavior; attitude towards guest and practice towards EVD. The quantitative data were obtained from hotel managers through in depth interview. SPSS software was used to data entry and data analysis. Hence, Knowledge on the cause of EVD was good among hotel staff however their knowledge on sign, symptom were satisfactory. Majority of the staff believed that their chance of contracting EVD were low. The respondent’s attitude towards guests and health professionals returned from West Africa was fearful and suspicious. Most of the staff believed that EVD could be prevented by avoiding physical contact. The possible reason to their knowledge and believe was multimedia intervention and interpersonal risk communication. Most of the respondents used television as source of information. Further study recommended on post epidemic phase risk communication material review.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Verification of Multiple Mechanism Model for the Photoluminescence of Oxidized Porous Silicon and Nanosilicon Particle Embedded in Silicon Oxide
    (Addis Ababa University, 2007-07) Tilahun, Wondwosen; Ghoshal, Sib Krishna (PhD)
    The purpose of this thesis is to give a coherent explanation of the most debatable issue of highly efficient photoluminescence (PL) in the visible range found in oxidized porous Silicon (p-Si). In order to describe the PL mechanism, we considered three competitive processes, process (A) where in both photoexcitation and photoemission occur in the NSP, (B), in which photexcitation occurs in the NSP and photemission occurs in luminescence centers (LCs), in the Si-oxide layer surrounding the NSP, and (C) in which both photoexcitation and photoemission occur in the LCs. We used the first two processes to explain the optical process by the quantum confinement (QC) and quantum confinement luminescence center (QCLC) models. For the nanoscale Si/SiO2 systems, the radiative recombination rates of processes A and B are compared qualitatively. Process that plays the major role in the PL is determined by the capture cross-section, the luminescence efficiency, and the density of the LCs and size of the NSPs, all of which are dependent on the oxidation degree of the p-Si sample. For a nanoscale Si/Si-oxide system with the LC having certain capture cross-section and luminescence efficiency, it is found that the higher the LC density and the larger the size of the NSPs, the more beneficial for the QCLCM process to surpass the QCM process and vise versa. For certain LC parameters, there is a critical most probable size of the NSPs. In case when the most probable size of the NSPs is larger than the critical one, the QCLCM process dominates the PL on the other hand if the most probable size of the NSPs is smaller than the critical one, the QCM process dominates the PL. Furthermore, if the most probable size is close to the critical one both processes should be taken in to account. In general, for a p-Si sample free from oxidation, the QCM process dominates and the model is important to describe the PL. For most oxidized p-Si, the QCLCM process dominates and the model is useful to describe the PL and when the NSPs in oxidized p-Si samples have very small density or very large size, the process that both photexcitation and photoemission occur in the LCs in the silicon-oxide layer dominating. Hence, the importance of more than one type of mechanism models to describe the PL from oxidized p-Si and NSP embedded in Si-oxide is verified