Browsing by Author "Tessu Masino"

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    Incidence and Predictors of Tuberculosis among HIV Positive Children in Adama Referral Hospital and Medical College, East Shoa Ethiopia, 2018. a Retrospective Follow up Study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Tessu Masino; Hailu Aklil
    Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It typically affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can affect other sites as well.Tuberculosis is a common condition in HIV-infected children; however, its effect on survival of HIV infected children after confirmed of HIV/AIDS is not well understood. There are fewor no studies done on incidence and predictors of TB among HIVpositivechildrenparticularly in the study area. Objectives:- The aim of the study is to assess the incidence and predictors of tuberculosisamong HIV positive children in Adama referral hospital and medical college. Methods: Five years retrospective study follow up study method was conducted using achecklist to gather data from 428 randomly selected children's charts. The data extraction toolwas developed from thestandardized ART entry and follow up form currently used by theART clinics. Data was cleared and entered into Epi-data version 4.2.0.0 and exported to stataversion 14.1 for further statistical analysis. Data was analyzed by bivariate and multivariateanalysis using Cox regression proportional hazard model. Survival were calculated andcompared with the Kaplan Meier and log rank test. Result: Out of the 466 charts reviewed, 428 patient records were included in the analysis. Thetotal follow-up period was 1109.55 Person-Year (PY). A total of 67 new TB cases wereobserved during the follow up period. Hence, the incidence rate in this cohort was found to be6.03 per 100 child-years observation. Base line Hemoglobin level<10g/dl (AHR:7.04, 95%CI:1.03-48.15),not taking CPT at baseline (AHR: 2.41,95% CI: 1.07, 5.45),not taking IPT(AHR: 8.23,95% CI:2.11,32.06), not appropriately vaccinated (AHR:3.73, 95% CI:1.59,8.76)moderate underweight (AHR:5.19, 95% CI: 1.89,14.21) and moderate wasted (AHR: 2.86,95% CI : 1.02, 7.99) were independent predictors of TB occurrence. Conclusion and recommendation:-Incidence of tuberculosis was high especially during thePRE ART groups on HIV chronic care. Baseline moderate underweight and moderatewasting, not taking prophylaxis's(CPT and IPT),inappropriate vaccination and anemia(Hgb≤10mg/dl) found to be the independent predictor of TB occurrence among HIV positivechildren. Therefore, close follow up of HIV exposed children to make early diagnosis andtreatment initiation before the development of malnutrition and anemia is important.