Browsing by Author "Tessema, Girma"

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    The Current Practices of Pre-School Education in Wolait A Zone
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-05) Tessema, Girma; Ademe, Enguday (PhD)
    The purpose of this study was to assess the current practices of pre-school education in Wolaita zone regarding curriculum implementation, learning environment, parent's partnership, government support as well as opportunities and challenges. Hence, to conduct this study, a mixed research method which consists of concurrent triangulation design was employed. Accordingly, 3 Woredas and 1 administrative town were selected as a sample among 12 Woredas and 3 administrative towns on the bases of stratified random sampling technique. The stratas were Woredas and Town and it gives equal chance for each stratum. Furthermore, 12 pre-schools were selected from 25 pre-schools of selected sample Woredasltown on the basis of random sampling technique. This technique gives equal chance for all target population. All sampled pre-schoolteachers (30) were used as data sources. All educational experts of the Zone and sampled Woredasl town (5) and sample pre-schools principals were selected purposively. This technique helps to pick cases likely to be information rich and hospitable to the inquiry. In addition to this, sampled pre-schools children 's parents (12), were selected by systematic random sampling which gives equal chance for target population and used when the sample size is relatively large. Moreover, classrooms were selected for observation on the bases of availability sampling technique. The selected pre-school documents, national and regional policy documents were used as secondary sources of data. From the above mentioned informants, data were gathered using questionnaire, interview, observation and document review. The major findings of this research revealed that: most of the studied pre-school teachers, principals and assistant teachers were not trained; most of the studied pre-schools had no assistant teachers and personnel; most of the teachers were lacking experiences; inadequate and inappropriate in-door and out-door materials and equipment; lack of proper teaching methods & instructional material preparation; lack of relevant assessment & record keeping method; low parents partnership & low government attention were among the challenges. As a result, no opportunities of education for pre-school age children of rural majorities and urban poors and no quality provision of pre-school education. Finally alternative recommendations were also forwarded.
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    Determinants of Dividend Pay-out Ratio: Empirical Study on Private Commercial Banks in Ethiopia
    (A.A.U, 2021-03) Tessema, Girma; Abate, Sewale (PhD)
    This research aims to examine the determinant factors of dividend pay-out policy of the stated private commercial banks in Ethiopia. In this study, seven variables such as lending rate, liquidity, growth, asset size, efficiency, profitability and inflation are taken as potential determinants of dividend pay-out policy. Ordinary least square (OLS) multiple regression model was used on a sample of nine private commercial banks for the period of ten years from 2010 to 2019. Quantitative research approach and descriptive research design is employed. While testing the impact of seven independent variables on the dividend pay-out ratio, we concluded that only three can explain the dividend policy. The results show that dividend pay-out ratio is positively and significantly affected by lending rate, but are negatively affected by liquidity and growth. Asset size, efficiency, profitability and inflation do not have a direct influence on the dividend payments. Thus, Lending rate, liquidity and growth are functioning as the key determinants of dividend pay-out of the listed private commercial banks in Ethiopia. As per the findings in this research existing and potential investors as well as the banks management, board members and policy makes should pay their attention on variables(lending rate, liquidity and growth)since they significantly determine dividend pay-out rate of private commercial banks in Ethiopia.