Browsing by Author "Teshome, Dejene"
Item Protected Groups under the Genocide Convention: - The Trends and Prospects(Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Teshome, Dejene; Haile-mariam, Yacob (phD)Genocide is regarded as the most heinous crime that humans are capable of committing against fellow humans. This is because it targets for extermination of specific groups rather than individuals. In all periods of history, millions of people have been exterminated across the world on account of their national, ethnic, racial, religious background and other group identities, affiliations or relationships. Yet conceptualizing the term genocide is proving problematic, elusive and controversial; and genocidal killings are sometimes disputed or denied, whereas more and more cases of genocidal killings continue to multiply. The entrenchment of legal and institutional frameworks to deal with this crime has not recorded concomitant success. Using doctrinaire and non-doctrinaire methods, this research has found that genocide can be planned and/or executed by state actors and non-state actors alike, though today, increasingly, non-state actors are in the forefront of perpetuating this crime. Genocidaires mobilize, elevate and manipulate group identities and ideological leanings to breed or exacerbate their crimes. Genocide can be aggressor-based, or bi-lateral; it can be systematically planned, or can occur in the flash of rage. Economic factors also underline genocidal conflicts. Hence, in this thesis I will seek to shed some light on the nature, the reason for and the consequences of this conceptual divide between the narrow legal concept of genocide and the broader popular understanding. I will examine whether this challenge of conceptions in fact being addressed by the Courts and Tribunals with jurisdiction on genocide by changing the criteria of group determination to broaden the legal concept of genocide, and if there are other ways this challenge should be met. In conclusion, I will contend that the scope of protected groups under the Genocide Convention shall be revisited in order to ensure an inclusive legal protection to those vulnerable unprotected groups.Item The Socio-Economic and Cultural Effects of Urban Development in Addis Ababa: A Case Study of the Belt Highway Project(AAU, 2005-06) Teshome, Dejene; Berisso, Taddesse(DrThis thesis is about soc io-economic and cul tural crfects of urban dcve lopllleni proJ ccl -the be lt hi ghway constructi on- In Add is Ab~ ba. The project is a mega construction project that displaced households and business centers. It had put in place a fasc inating hi ghway designed to miti gat e trai'fic congesti on in the city core .It was also meant to enhance urban land usc at the peri -urban areas. I se lected the topic aft er going thro ugh relevant literalU re bUlh to avo id dlipl c~ ll\ln ~I d al the same time to get insights from prev iolls works. Accord ingly, I kid i'llI'mli LllL'd tllJ'l'l' spcci lic ubjcc tl ves I'or the thesis. I in tended to analyze the project cl'l'ccts on the dispLt ced households espec iJll y the poor: to exa ll1ll1e the adaptive strategies devised loca ll y to cope up with unde sired projec t elTecls: and to assess the impli cati ons of the project in li ght or the overall urban deve lopment ac ti viti es In Add is Ababa. The study is a quali ta ti ve research in which lusecl mul tiple da ta co ll ec tion methods. I did not rely on any single data coll ection technique. Instead, [ tri ed to tri angul ate one with the other. The study found out that although the road construction had successfull y intercepted signi li cant tranic, it had bro ught considerab le soc io-economi c and cultural disru pt ions. The undesired elTec ts we re attributed large ly to poor project design that had little room 1'0 1' int sc lin lr y project planning ll1 d loca l peopl e's parti cipation .Even then , the projec t