Browsing by Author "Tesfaye, Tewodros (MSc)"

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    Survival and predictors of mortality among TB-HIV co-infected children attending anti-retroviral therapy clinics of selected public hospitals in SNNPR, Ethiopia 2020: a retrospective cohort study.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-09) Gemechu, Jifare; Gebremichael, Bereket(Ass’t professor); Tesfaye, Tewodros (MSc)
    Background: TB/HIV co-infection poses a great impact to public health. TB is the most common opportunistic infection and the most common cause of mortality in HIV infected children around the globe. But there is scarceness of studies concerning the predictors of mortality among TB-HIV co-infected children. Objective: To assess the survival and predictors of mortality among TB-HIV co-infected children attending ART clinics of public hospitals in SNNPR, Ethiopia from 2009-2019. Methods: Hospital-based retrospective cohort study was employed from January 1 , 2009 to December 31 st 2019 among 284 TB-HIV co-infected children attending ART clinics of selected public hospitals in SNNPR, Ethiopia. Then, medical records were reviewed using a structured data extraction tool. Data were entered using Epidata 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 23. The Kaplan Meier survival curve along with log rank tests was used to estimate and compare survival time. Bi variable and multivariable Cox regression were conducted to identify predictors of mortality among TB/HIV co-infected children. Adjusted Hazard Ratio with its 95% confidence interval was used to estimate the strength of association and P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: A total of 284 TB/HIV co-infected children were included in the study. Among these, 35 (12.3%) of them died during the study period. The overall mortality rate was 2.78 (95%CI= 1.983.99) per 100 child years of observation. The independent predictors of mortality were anemia (AHR=3.6; 95%CI: 1.39-9.31), fair or poor ART drug adherence (AHR=2.9; 95%CI=1.15-7.43), extra pulmonary TB (AHR=3.9; 95%CI: 1.34-11.45) and TB drug resistance (AHR=5.7; 95%CI: 2.07-15.96). Conclusion: Mortality rate of TB/HIV co-infected children in selected public hospitals in SNNPR, Ethiopia was high. Moreover, anemia, drug resistant tuberculosis, extra pulmonary TB and poor adherence to ART drugs were identified as the predictors of mortality among these children. st
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    Survival status and predictors of mortality among pediatrics burn victims admitted to burn centers ,Addis Ababa,Ethiopia,2020.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-09) Demisse, Zerihun; Sebsisbie, Girum(Msc,Ass’t Prof.,Phd.Fellow); Tesfaye, Tewodros (MSc)
    Background: burn is damage to the skin and other human tissue occurs after exposure to heat from different mechanism. It is significant general medical issue, because of it, an estimated 265 000 deaths occur each year globally. Countries of low and middle income are accountable for occurrences of more than 96% of severe fire-related burns. In Africa Fire-related mortality rate for children under five is 32.9 per 100,000. Majority of burn victims who survived form this accidental event left with permanent disabilities and scar. Moreover facing stigma and rejection. Objective: To assess survival status and predictor of mortality among pediatrics burn victims admitted to burn center from 2016-2019, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: An institution based retrospective cohort study deployed among 412 pediatrics burn victims admitted to Yekatit 12 and AaBET Hospital burn centers from the 1 of January 2016 to the 30 th of December 30, 2019, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Quantitative approach deployed. Data collected from patient charts using systematic sampling with pretested data extraction tool, entered using Epidata, and analyzed using STATA. Bivariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression used to determine the predictors of mortality. Kaplan–Meier curves and log rank test was analyzed. Result: Four hundred twelve pediatrics burn victims admitted over the study period with mean age of 5.2 ±5.1SD years old. According to this study finding the median hospital stay found to be 25(95%CI: 30.11, 36.66) and with mean of 33.38 (95%CI: 30.11, 36.66) days. This study also revealed that 8.25 % died and from this, 55.89% were male. Full thickness (AHR 2.51 (95% CI: 1.12, 5.62)), co morbidity while hospital stay (AHR 26.28 (95% CI: 9.19, 75.16)), Nonsurgical intervention (AHR 34.40(9.80, 120.71) were significant predictors. Conclusion and recommendation: Among total 8.4% of pediatrics, burn victims died during follow up period. The overall incidence rate of 2.4 per 1000 person day. Independent predictors of mortality includes burned neck, those without surgical intervention, full thickness depth of burn and disease developed after admission. More concern needed for children with predictors. st