Browsing by Author "Tesfaye, Kaleab"

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    Cross Sectional Study on Patters of Variation in Hepatic Vasculature inpatients Enrolled to Radiology Department and Evaluated by Computed Tomography at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital ,Addis Abeba University, Addis Abeba Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-07) Tesfaye, Kaleab; Kebede, Tesfaye(MD, Associate Professor of Radiology)
    Background Hepatic Artery, on the basis of intrahepatic branching patterns of blood supply and biliary drainage, liver creates 8 segmentations: anterior and posterior segments in right lobe, whereas medial and lateral segments in left lobe. Each segment is again subdivided into upper and lower segments 1 . The usual arterial supply of liver is common hepatic artery arising from celiac trunk, accounting for 25-75% of cases. The patterns of arterial supply are not constant. In variant patterns, it receives arterial flow through branches coming from superior mesenteric artery, left gastric artery, or, rarely from other arterial trunks 2 . Portal vein, the normal anatomy of portal vein is defined as a division of main portal vein into two branches left portal vein and right portal vein. Left portal vein supplying segments I, II, III and IV. The right portal vein is dividing secondarily into two branches- right medial (anterior) sectoral division supplying segments V & VIII and right lateral (posterior) sectoral division supplying segments VI & VII. 1 Variations are frequent and they account for 20-35% of the population. Objective: This study is designed to evaluate the patterns of variation in hepatic vasculature on patients presented to radiology department and had computed tomography of the abdomen at tikuranbesa specialized hospital. Method:Hospital based retrospectivecross-sectional study was conducted on 878 patients who underwent an abdominal CT at TASH andpatterns of variation in hepatic vasculature was evaluated in a period of 3 months from June 2018 to September.2018. Data was collected by evaluating abdominal CT scans from PACS (Medweb). The data was checked for clarity and completeness. Computerized data analysis was conducted by using SPSS version 20.0 software Result: Total of 878 (N = 878) patients were included in the study out of which 537 patients had a post contrast CT and 341 patients had a triphasic scan Hepatic arterial anatomy was evaluated in those patients who had a triphasic abdominal CT, out of which 299 (87.7%) had a normal classic anatomy and 42(13.3%) cases had a variant anatomy. VII Normal Portal vein anatomy was seen in 717 patients (79.94%) out of 878 patients. Trifurcation (Type I) variation was seen in 77 (8.8%) of the cases. Right posterior vein as first branch of MPV (Type II) variation was seen in 66 (7.5%) of the cases. Type III variation seen in 14 (1.6%) cases, type IV seen in 1 (0.1%) case and 3 cases had other types of variation which are not included in the variant, in which 2 patients had an absent Left Portal vein and 1 case had a division of the main portal vein into segment VI, segment VII, right anterior portal vein, and left portal vein as a “quadfurcation”.
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    Determinants of Dividend Payout for Private Commercial Banks in Ethiopia
    (A.A.U, 2022-02) Tesfaye, Kaleab; Kassie, Abebaw (Dr.)
    The main objective of the research is to study the determinants of dividend payout for private commercial banks in Ethiopia. This study considers one dependent variable i.e., dividend payout, and the effect of nine independent (explanatory) variable; bank specific determinant i.e., profitability, bank size, liquidity, lagged dividend, capital expenditure, financial leverage and revenue growth, and macroeconomic determinants, i.e., economic growth and inflation. The study uses multilinear regression model with a financial data set of five-year, from 2015/16 up to 2019/20. For this study, all existing private commercial banks in Ethiopia were selected, which make the study a census. The finding of the study shows that, from bank specific determinants; capital expenditure, financial leverage and revenue growth have a significant effect on dividend payout, while remaining bank specific determinants i.e., profitability, bank size, liquidity and lagged dividend have no significant effect on dividend payout. Furthermore, the finding of the study shows that, from macroeconomic determinants, both economic growth and inflation have no significant effect on dividend payout. The researcher concluded that the results obtained from this study shows both bank specific and macroeconomic variables are not the only determinant of dividend payout, for private commercial bank in Ethiopia. Board of directors and senior management’s behavior toward dividend have significant effect and influence in determining dividend payout. Furthermore, it is also observed that dividend payout is relevant, and it is used as a tool to communicate with existing and potential shareholders, and to send signal about their financial performance to the public as a whole. The researcher proposes possible recommendations that the board of directors in private commercial bank in Ethiopia have to give a special attention to the bank specific and macroeconomic determinants, while they make dividend payout. Understanding the determinants of dividend payout has significant implication on board of directors’ dividend payout decision. In addition, board of directors in private commercial banks in Ethiopia have to have a written guideline, and have to use scientific methodology in determining dividend payout.