Browsing by Author "Tesfaye, Gelila"

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    Effects of Covid-19 Lockdown Measures on the Food Security Status of Sex Workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-11) Tesfaye, Gelila; Abi, Meskerem PhD
    COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by a new coronavirus that presents pneumonia-like symptoms. Beyond immediate health concerns, COVID-19 has both direct and indirect impacts on food security. The government of Ethiopia took several measures including lockdown to reduce the impacts of the pandemic. Most severely affected by the movement cessations are the urban poor. Sex workers represent an important group that exemplifies the vulnerability of workers in the informal labor sector. The main purpose of this study is to explore the assess COVID-19 lockdown measures on the food security statuses of sex workers in Bole and Akaki Kaliti sub city of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. This research employed cross-sectional mixed research design and used purposive and snowball sampling technique. The study used HFIAS, FCS and CSI to analyze the food security status of households. The result shows that 94.4% of the respondents have family under their support, 74.4% of them have children and 96.7% of the respondent have no partner. Purchasing food, supporting family, home rent and addiction make up most of their expenses. In addition, 57.8% of them have saving practices and only 20% of them participate in mutual –aid and social networking activities (5.6% Iddir and 14.4% Equb). The HFIAS result showed that 98.1% of the study households are food insecure, whereas, the FCS indicated 87.8% of them are poor and borderline food consumption. The study implied that COVID-19 and its lockdown measures were highly affected the livelihood and food security statuses of the sex workers and their family. The study recommended the need to assess sex workers capacity and based on the assessment prepare entrepreneurship training and activities; create strong and organized sex workers unions in order for them to have a strong voice in society; create new saving option for them with better interest and giving them credit according to their savings
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    Factors Affecting the Participation of Women in Educational Management in Government Primary Schools of Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2007-03) Tesfaye, Gelila; Teffera, Seyoum (PhD)
    The Purpose of this study was to examine factors that affect the participation of women in Educational Management. In order to examine the prevailing fa ctors, the sex role stereotypes, organizational barrie rs, the effect of confidence and self concept, aspirations and contribution of role models were treated in view of the objectives of the s tudy. Descriptive survey method was used to analyze the findings. The target population were 270 .teachers and 28 school principals. Data relevant to the study was collected through questionnaire, interview and document analysis. Then the collected data were analyzed u s ing p ercentage and chi ' square of association to see the degree of conformity between male and female teachers and school principals to the prevalence of the problem raised. The findings regarding the participation of women in Educational Management reveals that Sex role stereotyping to some extent, has influenced women than men. As to organizational barriers are concerned, it has not been revealed as a major hindrance though has some effects. In addition to this, it was found out that, women lack aspiration and self concept and confidence to management p ositions in the school which hinders them to prepare themselves for leadership positions at any level in schools. Men are the ones aspiring Educational Management Positions and women to teaching. Finally, the finding shows that the culture of menta ring hasn't developed as majority of the respondents claimed to have none. Though this may have an effect in both males and f emales, its impact has been reflected more on females as there are very few women at the top who can be mentors or role models, developing the culture that w ill encourage women to go forward. Therefore, recommendations for the alleviation of the problems were given as: focusing on schools for decreasing sex role stereo typing among children in the younger age group, empowering female teachers through skill trainings and sensitization programs on gender roles, providing opportunities to be leaders in diffe rent sections of the school, revision of curriculums to accommodate leade rs hip and management concepts, forming forum for f emale teachers, and clear understanding of objectives and implementation of affinnative actions. The recommendations forwarded included suggestions for further researches to be carried out in the area.
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    Greywater Reuse and Management for Urban Renewal Areas
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-06) Tesfaye, Gelila; Derib, Tilahun (PhD)
    The water demand in Ethiopia has increasing from time to time, which implies to increase in wastewater. The previous GTP documents address that the plan of per capita water demand has increased to address the increasing need. On the other hand, the source of water for Addis Ababa become challenging. Hence, identifying more water source is very essential. Among them, the reuse of greywater can be one of the potential sources for some water requiring activities such as toilet flushing, gardening, construction etc. Greywater reuse and management is a system that is applied as a solution for minimization of water usage for toilet flushing and gardening. This research is intended to show the conceptual design for greywater reuse and management by taking American Gibi, Addis Ababa as a case study. The area is considered as one of the urban renewal areas in Addis Ababa, where it is proposed to adopt the installation of greywater system integrated with the building design processes. Data for the research were collected through observation, in-depth interview with the governmental officers, professionals of Architecture and construction. In addition, the research also used documents relating to greywater reuse and management studies and research as an input. The result of the study showed that the amount of greywater produced in the area can fulfill the requirement for toilet flushing and irrigation for low water requiring plants. The research also showed that the study area has a chance to implement an integrated system of greywater reuse since greywater can be eco-friendly, cheap, easy and flexible to use. Creating awareness to the users makes the system sustainable. The construction of greywater reuse systems should be combined with other techniques based on the available spaces. Attention should be given while to align the use of sanitary fixtures and piping systems to the other water supply and drainage networks in order to ease the reuse and recycling of greywater produced in buildings.