Browsing by Author "Temesgen, Shibru (PhD)"

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    Analysis of Effect of Fine Particulate Matter and Meteorological Factors on Acute Upper Respiratory Infection Hospital Admission in Addis Ababa Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2022-06-12) Eyasu, Yosef; Temesgen, Shibru (PhD)
    Air pollution has become the greatest health concern in our world, especially in respiratory diseases. The concentration of particulate matter of size less than or equal to 2.5 in micrometer (PM2.5) in Addis Ababa is higher than that of the 2021 WHO guidelines limit of the annual average of 5μg/m3 and a daily average of 15 μg/m3 for the last four years of the study period. US EPA controlled single air quality monitor data of PM2.5 concentration for location Addis Ababa-Central is obtained from AirNow.gov and it is used with meteorological data for analysis of health effect. Poisson Generalized Additive Model (GAM) is utilized for the analysis of variables under study from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In this study, statistically significant association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and acute upper respiratory infection hospital admission in Addis Ababa city and its health effect is observed. Relative risk of acute upper respiratory infection hospital admission associated with 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration was 1.08 (95% CI: 1.06-1.11). We have also observed a positive effect of relative humidity and precipitation on respiratory infection. Therefore reducing the pollutant concentration in the city needs due attention to help people from difficulty in breathing.
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    Determinants of MigrationSouth Africa Using Count Regression Model: the Case of Soro and Misha Districts in SNNPR
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06-03) Admasu, Sebsibe; Temesgen, Shibru (PhD)
    The labor power migration affects the socioeconomic development of the people in developing countries like Ethiopia. The goal of this study was to explore the determinants that affect the number of migrants per household in Soro and Misha woreda, Hadiya zone and to investigate impacts of migration in the Society which is related to the causes and consequences of labor power migration. To achieve these objectives, both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed, we used mainly primary data and for more information secondary data also were used for particular purpose. Primary information was collected mainly from the households and secondary data was collected from Labour and Social Affairs Bureaus. The data were gathered from randomly selected kebeles from the Soro and Misha District. The tool which was used to gather the primary information was questionnaires and interviews. Total 754 respondent households were selected for survey questionnaire by stratified sampling technique. Descriptive statistical method was employed to analyze quantitative data by using STATA and excel whereas to explore the determinant factors of migration, Count Regression model was applied by using R and STATA software. Among the count models considered, the Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP) model was found to be the most appropriate model for analyzing the number of migrants. The ZIP model results indicated that religion, HHH age, HHH education, place of residence, land size, family size, dependency ratio and HHH job occupation are significantly associated with the number of migrants per households. The reveals that lack of job opportunities, family or peer pressure, poverty, and unemployment were identified by this study as the key push factors of migration. On the other hand, job opportunities, better income, social networks and smugglers at destination country were considered as pull factors of migration. Regarding the problem on the journey imprisonment, robbery, lack of food and water, and human trafficking were identified.
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    Multivariate Time Series Analisis of Export of Ethiopian Livestock Products
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06-05) Kefelegn, Ermyas; Temesgen, Shibru (PhD)
    Ethiopia has one of the largest livestock populations in Africa. The study is aimed to fit a multivariate time series model which explains the cointegration of Ethiopian livestock products export using vector auto regression (VAR) and vector error correction (VEC) model. Secondary data on exports of livestock products export first quarter of 2002 to the third quarter of 2017, which is obtained from national bank of Ethiopia, is used. Unit root tests of the series under study revealed that all the series are non-stationary at level and stationary after first difference; all the series are not affected by periodicity. The result of Johansen test indicates the existence of one cointegration relation between the volume of live animals, meat and leather export and there is long-term dynamics between these exports of Ethiopian livestock products. From the error correction model result, about 18.1 percent of disequilibrium in the volume of live animals export is corrected each quarter. Exchange rate has negative and significant elasticity on the volume of leather export. Furthermore, the volume of meat export is not affected by exchange rate. The empirical finding of this study recommend concerned bodies to give due attention to exchange rate in policy formulation.