Browsing by Author "Taye Solomon"

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    Study on the Level of Aflatoxin M1 in Raw Cow Milk From Dairy Farms and Collection Centers in and Around Adama Town, Central Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023) Taye Solomon; Dr. Biruhtesfa Asrade; Prof. Gezahegn Mamo
    Livestock is vital to the livelihood of people and to the economics of many developing countries like Ethiopia. Besides to this, animals are the main source of protein particularly for human diets. The presence of a carcinogenic toxin like Aflatoxin (AF) animal products poses a serious health risk. The aim of this study was to detect and quantify the level of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in raw cow milk collected from dairy farms and collection centers in and around Adama town. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to April 2023 on 120 raw cow milk samples with the Association of Analyitcal Chemists (AOAC) official method of analysis using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A questionnaire survey was employed as a tool to assess dairy producers’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAPs) towards aflatoxins (AFs). While determination of AFM1 in milk was performed by liquid chromatography technique. 100 ml of raw cow milk samples were collected from dairy farms and milk collection centers using a falcon tube for determination of AFM1. Samples were cleaned up with immunoaffinity column and assaying of AFM1 was carried out using HPLC with a fluorescent detector and post column derivatization technique. The Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice (KAP) findings depicted that 75.8% of respondents have concepts about mold growth and toxin formation, and 76.8% know about favorable conditions for mold growth. From the total of 120 milk samples, 73 (60.8%) were contaminated with AFM1 from which 9.2% were found to have aflatoxin level above the Ethiopian Standards (ES) regulatory limit, and 34.7% were above the European Union acceptable limit. Binary logistic regression was used to see the association between predictor and outcome variables. Logistic regression analysis results showed that farm anagement practices like moisture control, feed source, storage place, and time were significantly associated with the occurrence of AFM1 in milk. The level of ontaminated milk with AFM1 reported in this study should be a wakeup call for stringent monitoring of raw materials and feed samples to prevent cattle exposure to AFs contaminated feed which would lead to excretion of AFM1 in milk and eventually causing human exposure through consumption of contaminated milk.