Browsing by Author "Tadesse, Zerihun"

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    Floristic Composition and Structural Analysis of Wooddland Vegetation in Ilu Gelan District, West Shewa Zone of Oromia Region, Central Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2015-06) Tadesse, Zerihun; Kelbessa, Ensermu (Professor)
    This study was conducted on Dirki and Jato woodland in Ilu Gelan District, West Shewa Zone of Oromia Region, 195 km west of Addis Ababa, to identify floristic composition, structure and community types of the vegetation. Systematic sampling method was used to collect vegetation data from 54 (20 m x 20 m). To collect data for herbaceous plants, five 1 m x 1 m subplots were laid in each of the main plot, where four were at the corners and one at the center. Diameter at breast height was measured for woody species taller than 2 m while height and cover/abundance values were visually estimated. Shannon - Wiener Diversity Index was used to calculate species diversity, richness and evenness whereas Soresen’s Similarity ratio was used to measure similarity between the vegetation and four other related woodlands. Two hundred and thirteen species were recorded from the sample plots, where Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Poaceae were the most dominant families with 23, 22 and 12 species respectively. Eleven endemic and two near endemic species were recorded from the study area. Based on IUCN Red Data List, nine species were least concern, three were near threatened while one was vulnerable. Three plant community types were recognized from the study area. Total density and basal area calculated for woody species were 5,145.83 individuals ha-1 and 18.96 m2 ha-1 respectively. Population structure and regeneration status of selected woody species were assessed and results revealed that some species had regeneration problems and need management measures. Key words/phrases: Endemic, floristic composition, plant community type, structural analysis, Woodland Vegetation.
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    Measuring Levels of Physical Activity Among Adults in Miskan and Mareko District: A Validation Study
    (Addis Abeba university, 2004-04) Tadesse, Zerihun; Tesfaye, Fikru (PhD)
    According to a substantial body of evidence, regular physical activity can bring significant health benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Scientific evidence increasingly indicates that physical activity can extend years of active independent living, reduce disability and improve the quality of life of young and older adults. Despite these evidences, little is known about physical activity or its measurement on a population basis. A cross-sectional community based study was conducted to assess reliability and validity of instruments for measuring levels of physical activity. The instrument with better reliability and validity was used to measure levels and assess determinants of physical activity. Simple random sampling was carried out to recruit a total of 940 subjects. Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were administered to all participants during the first contact. The questionnaires were administered again after 4 days to a randomly selected sub-sample of 151 participants in order to assess reliability. Validity of the questionnaires was assessed on another randomly selected group of 186 study participants who wore motion monitor for seven consecutive days. A set of reliability tests indicated that GPAQ and IPAQ had good repeatability; balance in favor of the former. Validity of the questionnaires was assessed by a number of methods. Unlike reliability, validity was modest: percent correctly classified by concurrent validity of GPAQ against IPAQ for various domains of activity was between 35.9 and 42.5; gross vii misclassification was in the range 17.7-26.3%. In criterion validity test of the questionnaires against motion monitor, percent correctly classified was between 21.0 and 35.5 for GPAQ and between 25.3 and 38.2 for IPAQ; gross misclassification was in the range of 21.1-40.3% for GPAQ and 18.3-41.9 for IPAQ. The prevalence of physical activity measured by GPAQ was found to be 77%(724/940). Cumulative assessment of reliability and validity of questionnaires used in this study indicated that GPAQ and IPAQ were appropriate for use in our setting. However, conducting similar reliability and validity studies across different seasons and regions is strongly recommended before applying them on large-scale studies.
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    Measuring Levels of Physical Activity among Adults in Miskan and Mareko District: A Validation Study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2004-04) Tadesse, Zerihun; Tesfaye, Fikru(PhD); Berhane, Yemane(Professor)
    According to a substantial body of evidence, regular physical activity can bring significant health benefits to people of all ages and abilities. Scientific evidence increasingly indicates that physical activity can extend years of active independent living, reduce disability and improve the quality of life of young and older adults. Despite these evidences, little is known about physical activity or its measurement on a population basis. A cross-sectional community based study was conducted to assess reliability and validity of instruments for measuring levels of physical activity. The instrument with better reliability and validity was used to measure levels and assess determinants of physical activity. Simple random sampling was carried out to recruit a total of 940 subjects. Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were administered to all participants during the first contact. The questionnaires were administered again after 4 days to a randomly selected sub-sample of 151 participants in order to assess reliability. Validity of the questionnaires was assessed on another randomly selected group of 186 study participants who wore motion monitor for seven consecutive days. A set of reliability tests indicated that GPAQ and IPAQ had good repeatability; balance in favor of the former. Validity of the questionnaires was assessed by a number of methods. Unlike reliability, validity was modest: percent correctly classified by concurrent validity of GPAQ against IPAQ for various domains of activity was between 35.9 and 42.5; gross vii misclassification was in the range 17.7-26.3%. In criterion validity test of the questionnaires against motion monitor, percent correctly classified was between 21.0 and 35.5 for GPAQ and between 25.3 and 38.2 for IPAQ; gross misclassification was in the range of 21.1-40.3% for GPAQ and 18.3-41.9 for IPAQ. The prevalence of physical activity measured by GPAQ was found to be 77%(724/940). Cumulative assessment of reliability and validity of questionnaires used in this study indicated that GPAQ and IPAQ were appropriate for use in our setting. However, conducting similar reliability and validity studies across different seasons and regions is strongly recommended before applying them on large-scale studies