Browsing by Author "Tadesse, Sentayehu(PhD)"

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    An Assessment of the major psychological and social problems of female child commercial sex workers In some selected tourist sites: the case of Addis Ababa, Bahir Dar and Gondar
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2010-06) Kassahun, Ashenafi; Tadesse, Sentayehu(PhD)
    The study focused on the assessment of the major psychological and social problems oj child commercial sex workers in some selected tourist sites in Ethiopia. It was conducted on 103 purposively selected child commercial sex workers and 1 broker in Addis Ababa, Bahir Dar and Gondar. InJormation was gathered through questionnaire, the Center Jor Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Jor Children (CES-DC), the Children Hope Scale (CHC), and interview. The collected data were analyzed through percentage, t-test and one way ANOVA. A lthough the clients oj the majority oj the participants were predominantly the local people (69%), 31% oj the respondents reported that they had contact with Joreigner clients. In the interview, in addition to public places, it was explored that there were hidden places organized to connect foreigners with children for commercial sexual exploitation. On the Center Jor Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Jor Children (CES-DC), most oj the participants 63% of them reported total scores above the cut off point 15, which is suggestive oj existence oj significant depression symptom. On the children hope scale, the majority (61%) scored below the cut point 21 which is an indication of low level oj hope. The participants score on CES-DC and CHS were compared across different background variables and significant differences were observed. In addition to these psychological variables, the social problems oj the child commercial sex workers were explored. Most oj the participants reported that they spent the day time by chewing chat (62.9%) and sleeping (47.1%). One oJthejustificationsJor spending their time these ways was a feeling oj a sense oj embarrassment to go out side in the day time and these helped them to hide themselves Fom the society. Frequent quarrel (51%) with other persons was the other major inter personal problem investigated in this study. Finally, all stake holders are recommended to organize activities that help child commercial sex workers to cope with the psychological and social problems identified in one way or another.
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    A Comparative Study of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice About HIVjAIDS and VCT among Defense University College Students
    (Addis Ababa Univerisity, 2006-06) Yimer, Ibrahim; Tadesse, Sentayehu(PhD)
    The major objectives of this study were to compare knowledge, attitude and practice about HIVIAIDS and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) among Defense University College Students who identified their HIV negative status and those who do not. Tile sample of the study consists of students who identified their HIV negative status and those who do not. A total of 236 purposefully selected subjects were participated in the study. Data collectors administered a questionnaire prepared by the investigator for subjects in the three campuses of the Defense University College namely: Defense Health Sciences College, Human Resource Management College and Nlulugeta Buli Technical Training Institute. The statistical analysis in this study consisted of percentage and Chi- Square. The study shows that 94.3% of over all, 95.5% of the tested and 93.3% of the non tested respondents had good knowledge and 72.54% of over all, 75% of the tested and 66% of the non tested respondents had favorable attitude towards HIV/ AIDS. Wyfhen compared between the tested and the non tested on knowledge and attitude about HIV / AIDS there is no statistically significant difference between the tested and the non tested on their knowledge and attitude about HIV/ AIDS(Chi-square = 0.015, P<0.05). Regarding practice on HIV, 1 7.4% of over all students, 12. 7% of the tested and 25. 6%of the non- tested respondents had STDs during the last two years . . Moreover, 17.4% of over all, 16.7% of the tested and 19.6% of the non-tested had unsafe injection during the last two years. Concerning their knowledge about VCT, 76.3% of over all, 81.6% of the tested and 67.05% of the non tested had good knowledge, and also 77% of over all, 84.74% of the tested and 70.9% of the non tested had favorable attitude about VCT. When the tested and the non tested are compared there is statistically significant difference on knowledge about VCT (Chi-square = 23.99, df= 1 P<0.05). Bbut there is no statistically significant difference on attitude about VCT (Chi-square = 3.49, P<0.05) ... Concerning their practice, 83.3% of the tested 54.7% of the non- tested are willing to be retested and tested if the service is available. There is statistically significant differences between the tested and the non tested to be tested if the service is available, that is more of the tested are willing to be tested than the non tested if the service is available(Chi-square = 19.09, df=l P<0.05). The study made practical recommendations amide at preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS.
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    The Effectiveness of Solution-Focused Brief Group Counseling For Psychological Problems of Sexually Abused Children
    (Addis Ababa Univerisity, 2010-06) Kanko, Markos; Tadesse, Sentayehu(PhD)
    This study examined whether Solution-Focused Brief Group Counseling (SFBGC) is effective in addressing psychological problems of sexually abused children in Godanaw Rehabilitation Integrated Project. Fifty participants aged 12-18 year old selected purposefully based on inclusion criteria who randomly assigned into the control and treatment group, each with 25 participants. The research design was a non-equivalent control group pretest and posttest of a quasi-experimental design. Three standardized scales, namely, the Children Depression Inventory, the Child Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Scale and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used to measure the dependent variables at two occasions: pretest and posttest. Participants in the treatment group received SFBGC for three weeks, three days per week, 1:00-1:20 hours per session for a total of 8 sessions. Results of dependent t-test indicated that, after treatment, participants engaged in treatment group showed statistically significant reduction in the level of depression (4ffl24 , t$2.186, p'$0.05) and significant improvement in self-esteem (d.ftf24, t!5-2.623, P50.05) compared to the control group. Independent t-test indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between the treatment and control group in posttraumatic stress symptoms during the pre-test (dJ548 , tFO.183, pj§O.05) and during the post-test (d.r~48, tFO.199, P50.05) respectively. From these results it was suggested that the application of SFBGC has to be expanded to address psychological problems of sexually abused children in more other organizations or settings.