Browsing by Author "Tadele, Mitiku"

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    Optimization and Characterization of Synthesis Conditions of Adsorbent from Bone for Removal of Fluoride
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-07) Tadele, Mitiku; Yimam, Abubeker (PhD)
    This work aims to prepare adsorbents based on low cost cattle bones. The bones have sustained pyrolyzation in inert atmosphere at three different temperatures (400°C, 500oC and 600°C), time (60, 90 and 120 minutes) and inlet N2 pressure (1.5, 2 and 2.5bar) in an electric furnace. The charcoals obtained were characterized by its percentage removal of fluoride ion from synthetic fluoride water and naturally fluoridated water. The effect of contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature in shaker and initial concentration of fluoride was investigated. The adsorption was rapid during the initial one hour. The adsorption efficiency of bone char for fluoride removal was increased with adsorbent dosage. The defluoridation capacity was appreciable at neutral pH. Bone char adsorbents pyrolyzed in the range between 400 to 500oC gave better fluoride removal. The fluoride adsorption efficiency depends directly on initial fluoride concentration. The adsorption data were well fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model. The adsorption capacity and adsorption intensity at equilibrium(qe) are 12.075mg/g and 1.548 respectively.