Browsing by Author "Solomon Bekele"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Early Post-Operative Morbidities Following Early Versus Delayed Sigmoidectomy After Sigmoid Volvulus
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-12-02) Habtamu Atalel; Solomon Bekele
    Background—Sigmoid volvulus (SV) is characterized by the abnormal twisting of the sigmoid colon on its mesentery. It is the number one cause of acute LBO in Ethiopia. The incidence of SV varies among different regions. In Western countries, it accounts for 1-5% of all colonic obstructions, while in Ethiopia, it accounts for 58-69% of the LBO. It has a high recurrence rate of about 30 % to 80% and a significant mortality rate reaching 25–50% in some case series. According to the current practice guidelines, patients who present with uncomplicated SVare initially managed by endoscopic decompression followed by Sigmoidectomy. Sigmoidectomy carries inherent risks, including surgical site infections, anastomotic leaks, and cardio-respiratory complications. The study aimed to assess the early postoperative outcome of index and elective Sigmoidectomies. Method:- A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing medical records of patients operated at three University-affiliated tertiary Hospitals in Addis Ababa. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire. The variables were coded and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Result:-The analysis showed that the majority of our patients were from AA ( 76.9%) and the majority of them were male ( 84.3%) with an M: F ratio of 5:1. The median age of the sample patients was 53 years. During their sigmoid volvulus attacks, most of our patients presented more than 24 hours after the onset of symptoms (71.1%). Both elective and index sigmoidectomies had comparable frequencies, 51.2% & 48.8% respectively. And the majority of the cases were done via open Sigmoidectomies ( 95.9%). The median hospital stay after surgery was 6 days with 64.5% of the patients being discharged before 7th post-operative day. The most common post-operative morbidity was wound infection accounting for 31%. Younger patients (18-40years) had an 84.7% rate of being discharged from the hospital within a week of their surgery while the age groups from 41 to 70 and 71 to 90 had decreased discharge rate from the hospital within the first week of the surgery;( 57.3%,69.2% respectively ). Elective procedures had a shorter hospital stay with a one-week discharge rate of 77.4% while index procedures had a 50.8% discharge rate. And 30.8% of index sigmoidectomy patients stayed in the hospital for more than two weeks. The presence of diabetes was associated with a significant number of SSSI & wound dehiscence with 25% of diabetic patients 9 undergoing sigmoidectomy ending up with wound dehiscence & another 25% of the patients with SSSI as compared. The intraoperative finding of bowel edema was associated with an increased rate of hospital stay and anastomotic leak. Having index sigmoidectomy was associated with increased anastomotic leak rate and pulmonary complications. Conclusion: Index sigmoidectomies were associated with a higher complication rate than elective sigmoidectomies.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Narrative Time and Mode in Firebrands and Somebody’s Daughter: A Comparative Study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2022-01) Solomon Bekele ; Abiye Daniel
    Although Ethiopian novelists have started writing novels in English since long ago, researchers doesn‟t seem to have the desire to analyze those novels from the perspective of narrative techniques. This thesis attempts to analyze Sahle Sellassie‟s „Firebrands‟(1979) and Hiwot Walelign‟s „Somebody‟s Daughter‟(2018) from the perspective of narrative techniques with respect to Narrative Time and Mode. It deals with the comparative analysis of the two novels pointing out their strong and weak sides. The findings indicate the two novels share similarity in the above mentioned elements of narrative technique with some differences. Both narrators also share similarity in narrative time with some differences. Although both of them deviate in the order of the events, the narrator in Somebody‟s Daughter(2018) deviates more in her order of presentation.In terms of duration both novels share similarity because of the discourse time being shorter than the story time although the discourse time is much shorter in Somebody‟s Daughter (2018) than Firebrands (1979). In terms of frequency more iterative, the second type of singulative telling and repetitive telling are used in Somebody‟s Daughter (2018) than in Firebrands (1979). With regard to narrative mode scenic presentation and dialogues are the favored method in Firebrands (1979) but summary is chosen by the narrator in Somebody‟s Daughter(2018).All the differences are attributed to the volume of the respective novels because Firebrands (1979) having more pages than Somebody‟s Daughter(2018) gives greater opportunity for the narrator to use more dialogues and scenic presentation
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Solution Methods of Monotone Inclusion Problems, Equilibrium Problems and Fixed Point Problems in Banach Spaces
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-09) Solomon Bekele; Mengistu Goa; Habtu Zegeye; Sebsibe Teferi
    In this dissertation, we discuss four fixed point approximation methods that can be applied to solve optimization problems, differential equations, variational inequalities and equilibrium problems. In the first main result of the dissertation, we propose an inertial algorithm for solving split equality of monotone inclusion and fixed point of Bregman relatively f-nonexpansive mapping problems in reflexive real Banach spaces and established strong convergence theorems for the algorithm. Secondly, we establish a strong convergence theorem for approximating a common element of sets of solutions of a finite family of generalized mixed equilibrium problem, sets of semi-fixed points of a finite family of continuous semi-pseudocontractive mappings and sets of solutions of a finite family of variational inequality for a finite family of monotone and L-Lipschitz mappings in Banach spaces. Thirdly, we constructed and proved a strong convergence of an algorithm for approximating a common element of the set of solutions of a finite family of generalized mixed equilibrium problems, the set of f-fixed points of a finite family of f-pseudocontractive mappings and the set of solutions of a finite family of variational inequality problems for Lipschitz monotone mappings in real reflexive Banach spaces. In the fourth main result of the dissertation, we introduce an iterative process which converges strongly to a common point of sets of solutions of a finite family of generalized equilibrium problems, fixed points of a finite family of continuous asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mapping in intermediate sense, and zeros of a finite family of γ-inverse strongly monotone operators in uniformly convex and uniformly smooth real Banach space. We give numerical examples to demonstrate the behavior of the convergence of the algorithms analysed in each of the four main results of the thesis.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Solution Methods of Monotone Inclusion Problems, Equilibrium Problems and Fixed Point Problems in Banach Spaces
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-09) Solomon Bekele; Mengistu Goa; Habtu Zegeye; Sebsibe Teferi
    In this dissertation, we discuss four fixed point approximation methods that can be applied to solve optimization problems, differential equations, variational inequalities and equilibrium problems. In the first main result of the dissertation, we propose an inertial algorithm for solving split equality of monotone inclusion and fixed point of Bregman relatively f-nonexpansive mapping problems in reflexive real Banach spaces and established strong convergence theorems for the algorithm. Secondly, we establish a strong convergence theorem for approximating a common element of sets of solutions of a finite family of generalized mixed equilibrium problem, sets of semi-fixed points of a finite family of continuous semi-pseudocontractive mappings and sets of solutions of a finite family of variational inequality for a finite family of monotone and L-Lipschitz mappings in Banach spaces. Thirdly, we constructed and proved a strong convergence of an algorithm for approximating a common element of the set of solutions of a finite family of generalized mixed equilibrium problems, the set of f-fixed points of a finite family of f-pseudocontractive mappings and the set of solutions of a finite family of variational inequality problems for Lipschitz monotone mappings in real reflexive Banach spaces. In the fourth main result of the dissertation, we introduce an iterative process which converges strongly to a common point of sets of solutions of a finite family of generalized equilibrium problems, fixed points of a finite family of continuous asymptotically quasi-ϕ-nonexpansive mapping in intermediate sense, and zeros of a finite family of γ-inverse strongly monotone operators in uniformly convex and uniformly smooth real Banach space. We give numerical examples to demonstrate the behavior of the convergence of the algorithms analysed in each of the four main results of the thesis.