Browsing by Author "Sisay Weldegebriel"

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    Serological and Cultural Detection of Brucella Infection In Camel and Its Public Health Significance in two Selected Districts of Afar Region, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-04-30) Sisay Weldegebriel; Tesfaye Sisaye
    A cross-sectional study was delineated to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of camel and human brucellosis in south afar region, northeast ethiopia, the study was carried out in to conveniently selected camel-rearing districts of afar. awash-fentale and amibara, in the period from october 2010 to may 2011 total of 768 camel blood sera were randomly collected from eight pastoral and agro-pastoral residences of both district s. to pas from awash-fentale and six from amibara woreda. and human sera were collected from 200 purposel, selected clinical patients in to health centers of the districts, the stud) with human subjects , was performed according to the guidelines of the declaration of national health research ethics guideline of the ethiopian science and technology commission and consent was obtained from the institutional review board office of addis ababa university college of health sciences, medical faculty, two serological tests, RBPT and CTF were used to screen all serum samples at the national veterinary institute(NVI) at debre-zeit. descriptive statistics was used to depict the results in percentages and cross-tabulations and multivariate logistic regression was constructed to study the risk factors associated with the brucella seropositive cases of humans and camels the overall prevalence of camel brucellosis in the districts investigated was 11.9%, by RBPT and 7.6% by CTF and the to overall prevalence of human brucellosis was 16% b RBPT and 15% by CTF, milk samples were collected from 34 (69.4%) sero-positive milking camels to attempt cultural detection and identification of the brucella organism and the isolation trial was made in the microbiology laboratory of school of veterinary medicine. debre-zeit. but the target organism was not successfully identified through the bacteriological approaches conducted, structured questionnaires were administered to camel herdsmen to collect information on camel health and management practices and to human clinical patients to identify potential risk factors associated with the occurrence of human brucellosis, multivariate logistic regression on animal level showed that age of the camels (x2 = 4.98 p=0.026). herd size(x28.47.p= 0004) contact or rearing with ruminants (x2= 34.74. p= 0001). and parity (x2 = 11.30. p= 0.004) were statistically significant and were the potential risk factors associated with camel brucellosis, that is. adults were 1.70 times (P= 0.026. OR= 0.70. 95% C. I. = I 45-1.95) more at risk of acquiring the disease than young camels while old age camels were 152 times (P= 0,026. OR= 152.95% C.I.=1.24-1.72) more at risk than young camels. However. geographical location of the study districts (X2 = 0.80. P =0.373). residence area (X2 = 0.96%. P = 0.328). sex (X2 = 1.10. P = 0.295 and the pastoral and agro-pastoral farming systems (x2=1.35. p=0,245) were not statistically significant and not considered as risk factors for the occurrence of the disease in the camel population. The ownership of milking camels. living within the pastoral and agro-pastoral communities. keeping of livestock in close contact. Consumption of raw camel milk and milk products. assisting animals during parturition and grooming livestock were potential risk factors associated with human brucellosis. However, there was no statistically significant difference was observed in the prevalence. of human brucellosis among the origin of the patients (X2 = 2.05. P = 0.360). among the age groups (X2 = 2.15. P = 0.3411).and between the urban and rural society (X2 = 0.12. P = 0.662). The results of the present investigation indicate the human and camel brucellosis is widely distributed in study districts of Afar and hence. the author recommended further studies need to be done on animal and human brucellosis to determine which measure should be followed. Brucellosis should be included in disease education programs and control measures to mitigate the economic losses and public health hazard caused by the disease.