Browsing by Author "Sisay, Aytaged"

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    An Assesment of Drug Abuse Among Secondary School Students of Harari Regionmanaye
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-02) Manaye, Mahlet; Sisay, Aytaged
    The main purpose of this study was to asses the abuse of drug among secondary school students and to examine the prevalence rate of drug abuse among secondary school students. Basic questions were raised regarding the spread of drug abuse, its relationship with some variables of the study population such as family condition, peer influence, and level of academic performance and on drug abuse manner and its consequences. The study was carried out in Harari region. To select 3 sampled secondary schools from the 7 secondary schools found in the region, simple random sampling method was used and to include the sampled grades, stratified sampling method was employed. Furthermore, students’ section was used as a stratum to select sample from sampled grade, then simple random sampling method was used to select subjects from the sampled section. Students who participated in filling the questionnaire were also included in the focus group discussion by selecting them randomly and the key informants were included in the study purposefully because they would provide relevant information by virtue of their position. The sample schools included were 325 students. To deal with the objectives and basic questions, mixed method design was employed. The instruments used to gather the required information for the study were questionnaire, focus group discussion guide and interview. The obtained data were analysed through frequency, percentage and chi square. Based on the analysis, the following major findings were obtained: Alcoholic drinks, khat, shisha and cigarette were the main commonly consumed drugs by secondary school students. Risk factors for drug abuse is significantly associated with lifetime Drug abuse at P<.05, df=12 and level of academic performance at X2 (9, N=213) =53.779, P<.05 Whereas, sex is not significantly associated with lifetime Drug abuse at X2 (3, N=213)=5.533,P>.05.Behavioural, psychological, health and social consequences were the problems faced by the students due to their drug abuse behaviour which results trouble on their education directly or indirectly. parents, teachers and peers should react positively, efforts should be made to design and implement drug abuse assessment programs, Laws should be amended in the school to control the drug trafficking and to create a drug free environment, awareness should be raised about the nature and consequences of drug abuse through the region’s media and school media, recreational amenities and youth centers like public libraries by concerned body should be given due attention, individual, peer and group counselling sessions on drug abuse, should be designed, campaigns should be prepared on drug abuse and further research should be conducted and disseminated to concerned bodies
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    An Assesment of Drug Abuse Among Secondary Schools Students of Harari Region
    (Addis ababa univeresty, 2011-02) Manaye, Mahlet; Sisay, Aytaged
    The main purpose of this study was to asses the abuse of drug among secondary school students and to examine the prevalence rate of drug abuse among secondary school students. Basic questions were raised regarding the spread of drug abuse, its relationship with some variables of the study population such as family condition, peer influence, and level of academic performance and on drug abuse manner and its consequences. The study was carried out in Harari region. To select 3 sampled secondary schools from the 7 secondary schools found in the region, simple random sampling method was used and to include the sampled grades, stratified sampling method was employed. Furthermore, students’ section was used as a stratum to select sample from sampled grade, then simple random sampling method was used to select subjects from the sampled section. Students who participated in filling the questionnaire were also included in the focus group discussion by selecting them randomly and the key informants were included in the study purposefully because they would provide relevant information by virtue of their position. The sample schools included were 325 students. To deal with the objectives and basic questions, mixed method design was employed. The instruments used to gather the required information for the study were questionnaire, focus group discussion guide and interview. The obtained data were analysed through frequency, percentage and chi square. Based on the analysis, the following major findings were obtained: Alcoholic drinks, khat, shisha and cigarette were the main commonly consumed drugs by secondary school students. Risk factors for drug abuse is significantly associated with lifetime Drug abuse at P<.05, df=12 and level of academic performance at X 2 (9, N=213) =53.779, P<.05 Whereas, sex is not significantly associated with lifetime Drug abuse at X 2 (3, N=213)=5.533,P>.05.Behavioural, psychological, health and social consequences were the problems faced by the students due to their drug abuse behaviour which results trouble on their education directly or indirectlyparents, teachers and peers should react positively, efforts should be made to design and implement drug abuse assessment programs, Laws should be amended in the school to control the drug trafficking and to create a drug free environment, awareness should be raised about the nature and consequences of drug abuse through the region’s media and school media, recreational amenities and youth centers like public libraries by concerned body should be given due attention, individual, peer and group counselling sessions on drug abuse, should be designed, campaigns should be prepared on drug abuse and further research should be conducted and disseminated to concerned bodies.
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    The Effect of Placing Test Items in Different Positions in Listening Comprehension Tests: The Case of Unity College
    (2001-06) Sisay, Aytaged; Leta, Dejenie (PhD)
    An experiment was conducted to explore the effect of placing test items in different positions in listening comprehension tests. In this experiment three groups were made to view listening comprehension test items in three different positions. The first group viewed these items before two listenings while the second one viewed them after two Iistenings. The third group, on the other hand, viewed the questions between two listenings. First, Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) was used to divide the testees in to three groups which had comparable listening abilities. The data obtained from this standardized test was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result then showed that the three gro ups were comparable in their listening abilities. After this was done, a test prepared for College English students by the Department of Foreign Languages and Literature at Addis Ababa University was administered to investigate the mentioned treatments. To accept or reject the null hypothesis which stated that placing test items in different positions in a listening comprehension test has no effect on the testees' performance, a one-way ANOVA was employed. The AN OVA, then detected a significant mean ditlerence in scores across the three approaches. The calculated value of F (F=8-440 with degrees of freedom 2 and 132) exceeded the value of F tabulated at .05 probability level set for this study. As a result, the null hypothesis mentioned above was rejected. The Scheffs posthoc comparison of means also helped to locate the direction of the difference. The result of this test, thus, showed that the 'Sandwich group' produced significantly higher scores in the listening comprehension test than did the 'After reading group' and the 'Before reading group'. On the other hand, these latter groups did not show a significant difference in their performances.
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    The Pactice, Challenges and Prospects of the Implementation of Universal Primary Education in Harar
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Fayisa, Gamachu; Sisay, Aytaged
    Progress towards universal primary education aims at ensuring that by 2015 all children, including girls, children in difficult circumstances poor marginalized and those belonging to ethnic minorities, have access to and complete, free and compulsory primary education of good quality. This program is obviously in progress entirely in the country to achieve the goal at the targeted date. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the practice, challenges and prospects of the implementation of UPE and its predicted outcomes in the Harari region education system. This study is conducted taking 20 primary schools within selected five subdistricts as a sample. It applied descriptive survey method utilizing quantitative and qualitative data obtained through questionnaire, interview and document analysis. Passing through these steps the study found out that the region need to go long way to improve net enrolment, equity and quality primary education to achieve UPE. In fact, remarkable gains have been registered in the region in gross enrolment towards universal primary education. But it still has long way to go. Progress has been too slow and too uneven in rural parts of the region. There is a clear and persistent danger that some key activities will not fully accomplished. Averting that danger is vital, not just because education is a basic human right, but also it is crucial for improving child and maternal health, individual incomes, environmental sustainability and economic growth and driving progress towards UPE and other MDGs. Getting all children into and through primary education requires a far stronger focus on the marginalized rural poor and urban disadvantaged. Gender, income and location interact with other factors of disadvantage, such as language, ethnicity and disability, to multiple barriers to school entry. Activities of improving educational opportunities for the poor rural marginalized groups are observed far below average. There is no satisfactory education opportunities arranged and delivered to those children with disabilities. Among the most serious obstacles, however, are negative attitudes towards the disabled which affects both school participation and self-confidence of children with disabilities. This survey report persuasively argues that equity must be at the centre of the UPE agenda, to offset rising inequalities. Getting girls into schools demands concerted action to change attitudes and household chores. Financing, participation and governance reforms have an important role to play. This clearly has to change in order to achieve UPE. But increasing financing without equity will not benefit the relatively most vulnerable and disadvantaged groups. Improving all aspects of quality education and ensuring excellence of all so that recognized learning outcomes will be achieved. Quality is at the centre of education. When children lack trained teachers, learning materials, instructional time and adequate school facilities, they are unlikely to master the basics. This report looks quality in terms of learning facilities, learning conditions, the teaching workforce and learning outcomes. There are short comings in terms of educational facility inputs, instructional processes and its yields
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    The Pactice,Chllengesand Prospects T he Implem Entation of Unfvesal Prlf'viary Education in Harar
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Fayisa, Gamachu; Sisay, Aytaged