Browsing by Author "Sintayehu, Bekele"

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    Design, Construction and Testing of Solar Egg Incubator with Thermal Storage System
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-12) Sintayehu, Bekele; Abdulkadir, Aman (PhD)
    Incubation is a process by which birds hatch their eggs and develop the embryo within their egg in to young off-spring. In Ethiopia where most of the population live in rural areas where there is no access to grid provided electricity, the method of hatching used were restricted to natural incubation in which the mother hen or broody hen provide the necessary condition for the development of embryo to fully developed offspring. But this is inefficient technique in terms’ of production number, since the mother hen can produce limited amount of young offspring (from 10-12 per cycle). So to solve the problem associated poultry industry hatching method, in this research design, construction and testing of solar poultry egg incubator for hatching chicken egg which can be used in rural areas of the country is discussed. The system has solar thermal collector integrated with low power photovoltaic panel. It uses solar thermal energy to heat air inside solar collector. Air is pressurized from the environment to the solar collector by the inlet fan and gain heat inside the air chamber. The heated air from the collector flow to the incubation chamber due to pressure difference created between them by the inlet fan. Heat exchange process takes place inside the incubation chamber from the hot air to the egg maintaining the egg at 37.80c and 60% the optimum temperature and relative humidity required for incubation respectively. The machine has incubation capacity of 80 egg per on incubation cycle (21 days). The amount of heat energy needed for the incubation of the specified amount of egg is 185w. Total collector area of is used for utilization of the required amount of energy. Thermal energy storage system using paraffin wax as a thermal mass. It is used to store thermal energy needed for the time direct solar radiation is not available. 20kg of paraffin wax is used as a thermal storage material and the volume of thermal storage container is to replace the amount of 80w lost energy in the form of heat from the incubator box during the time direct solar radiation is not available.
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    Government Measures on Informal Settlements and Community Responses in Addis Ababa City Administration; the Case of Kolfe Keranyo Sub-City woreda 02 and 03
    (A.A.U, 2020-11) Sintayehu, Bekele; Jemal, Abagissa (Ph.D)
    The deficiency of residential houses especially in the urban areas of the world has seen because of the increasing number of population due to many push and pull factors. On the other hand, governments cannot afford the increasing demand of residential houses to their citizens. As many researchers studied, this issue is the same in Ethiopia, especially in the capital Addis Ababa in our case kolfe keranio sub city woreda 2 and 3. This leads the urban population to search for low-cost lands in the expansion areas of the city which created informal settlements. Governments are with contradictions because of the measures that they are taking on such settlements, especially on the demolishing of informal/illegal houses, Even if the government by itself is responsible for the distribution of formal and adequate houses. The research shows that there is no deliberate ethnic bias during government measures on informal settlements, more over the claims of the informal settlers that they think as they are illegal is not supported by title deed is so they are illegal before the law. Corruption, seasonal agendas of government like COVID-19 and government transformation are major government challenges that hinders not to control initial buildings in the settlement site. Additionally government service delivery agencies were also one of the causes for the growth of informal settlement despite the marginalization that they have done on informal settlements. Adopting a better policy that permits private and other concerned parties to participate on housing, modernizing the land administration system, filling the legal gap that hinders for the control of informal buildings initially, detaching politics and rule of law and better coordination b/n the task forces which are responsible for the control of informal settlements were the major recommendations given in the paper