Browsing by Author "Senishaw, Getachew (Ph.D.)"

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    Factors Affecting Farmers’ Decision On Soil And Water Conservation In Sululta Woreda, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-06) Tinsaetessema, Samuel; Senishaw, Getachew (Ph.D.)
    In this thesis, attempt has been made to explore factors that influence farmers' decision on Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) structures in Keta Welele and Wererso- Nono Mene AbechuKebelesof Sululta Woreda, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia. Watershed works in Ethiopia has three phases-planning, implementation and post implementation. This thesis focuses only on the third phase which is the maintenance of SWC structures constructed through community mobilization on the farmers' plot of land.In order to gather reliable and valid information, care was taken in designing research methodology as well as in carrying out the research. Methods, data sources and instruments were triangulated. Household survey, in-depth interview, key informants interviews and focus group discussions were methods of primary data collection, while different published and unpublished materials were used as sources of secondary data.The finding shows that farmers' maintenance decision of SWC structures was influenced by farmers' awareness about SWC structures, topography of the land, place of residence of the household head and dependence on the land. Those farmers who perceive SWC structures positively are more interested to maintain structures. Some of the benefits SWC structuresmentioned by farmers include controls soil erosion, help in moisture retention, improves soil fertility and increase inagriculturalproductivity.There are some farmers who perceive SWC structures contributes for infestation by rats which could damage the product. These farmers are not interested to maintain SWC structures. Farmers whose lands are steep slope are interested to maintain SWC structures as compared to farmers whose land is gentle slopebecause such types of land are exposed to soil erosion. In addition, farmers permanently living in the Kebele/rural are inclined to maintain SWC structures as compared to those living outside the Kebele for other task in town which in turn contributes for less attention to SWC works. Added to these, farmers cultivating their own land are interested to maintain structures as compared to those farmers who rented a land from others. Again, engagement in off-farm activity was the other factor that influenced farmers decision to maintain SWC structures. Farmers engaged in other off-farm activities are less interested to maintain SWC structures.Based on the finding, there are suggestions for areas of improvement identified during the study to increase the effectiveness of SWC works which include, awareness raising and experience sharing among farmers to increase awareness about the benefits of SWC structures and strengthening the extension service provided by agricultural extension workers and follow up by theKebeleadministration.
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    Natural Resources Use Conflict in Wildlife Protected Area: The Case of Abijata-Shalla Lakes National Park, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiop
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-05) Kassaw, Jemanesh; Senishaw, Getachew (Ph.D.)
    Conflict over natural resources use in wildlife protected area is the major problem for the conservation of natural resources and for the community living in the area. This study was conducted in Abijata-Shalla Lakes National Park (ASLNP) to assess the nature (or state) of conflict over natural resources use in the area. The study has three main objectives: identifies of the main natural resources use conflict; explain causes of conflict between local community and park management, and describe the effect of resources use conflict over the park. The primary data was gathered through in-depth interview in which 20 peoples(five woreda administration office experts, three tourism and two culture experts, and 10 selected community members from six kebeles),key informant interview for 15 participants (five Abba Gaddas, five park experts, and five rangers), and three focus group discussions (FGD). The data were thematically organized. The finding of this study revealed that mineral extraction, human-wildlife conflict, industrial activities, livestock grazing, deforestation, agricultural expansion and poaching are the major natural resources use conflict between the park management and community. Additionally, the study showed that the causes of natural resources use conflict over the park mainly emerged from demographic factors: human population growth, economic influence: lack of incentive/benefits/ program for communities, dependence on park resources for livelihood, weak wildlife policy: limited community participation and consultation program, administrative problem: uncertainty of the re-demarcation process, lack of secure land tenure/certificate and overlapping industrial and investment activities.. The study also showed that the park natural resources and wildlife habitats were diminishing in alarming rate due to misuse of the resources by the local community and other unfriendly stakeholders. In general natural resources use conflict in Abijata-Shalla Lakes National Park is widespread and posing serious challenges to conservational management. Keywords/Terms: Arsi people, Protected Area, Ecotourism, Community-Based Conservation, Conservation, Natural Resources, Park, Tourism, Community and Wildlife.