Browsing by Author "Senait Desalegn"

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    Control Message Evaluation Model for Routing Protocol Low power lossy Network to Determine DIO Int Min value
    (Addis Ababa Univeristy, 2019-12-01) Senait Desalegn; Dagmawi Lemma
    Routing protocol has a duty for forwarding traffic and responsible for routing decisions. If the routing choices are not smart, more re-transmissions will occur throughout the network. Trickle algorithm uses default Destination Information Object Interval Minimum (DIO Int Min) value so it requires further analysis to determine the interval of sending message in Routing Protocol for Low power Lossy Network (RPL). We experimented control messages transmission interval time by using DIO Int Min value which is one of trickle algorithm parameter that is used to determine the transmission interval time of control message. In this experimental evaluation we use Contiki (OS) and Cooja simulator and then try to suggest DIO Int Min values in terms of energy consumption, Packet Delivery Ratio, latency and control traffic overhead. We used 20, 50 and 80 motes in random topology. The results of DIO Int Min values in trickle algorithm will help to provide better Energy Consumption, decreased Control Traffic overhead, lower Latency and high PDR which helps in general to increase the performance of RPL in Low-Power Lossy Network (LLN). We have done our experiment with in depth investigation of RPL control messages by considering the four performance metrics. From this study we get good understanding into different RPL settings and suitable for many application areas
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    The Causes and Effects of Leprosy-Related Discrimination at Zenebework, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-06-01) Senait Desalegn; Getachew Senishaw (PhD)
    Abstract Leprosy remains a significant public health challenge in Ethiopia due to pervasive stigma and discrimination against those affected. The problem of misunderstanding the root causes of leprosy has contributed to the widespread marginalization of individuals with the disease. The purpose of this study was to explore the socio-cultural factors fueling leprosy-related stigma and discrimination in Zenebework, Addis Ababa in order to inform interventions to promote social inclusion. A qualitative ethnographic research approach was utilized, involving interviews, focus groups and case studies with leprosy-affected individuals, community members, and healthcare workers in Zenebework area. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The study found that among the focus group discussion participants in Zenebework, there were differing understandings expressed regarding the causes and transmission of leprosy. While some biomedical explanations were provided, traditional beliefs surrounding inheritance and supernatural causation were also commonly referenced. Participants affected by leprosy described facing lifelong stigma in their community due in part to these alternative community-held perspectives. The lack of consensus around the disease's origins according to both biomedical and indigenous epidemiological frameworks contributed to a lack of awareness that impacted individuals' social, economic and psychological well-being. Besides, relationships with family, neighbors and friends were described as strained at times due to fears of contagion or views of inherited bad luck according to emic accounts. Further, socio-cultural factors shaping understandings of disease causation and transmission in this community included longstanding religious interpretations linking illness to moral failings or curses. Historical institutionalization practices that segregated those with visible signs of leprosy also influenced spatial expression of stigma. Alternative indigenous nosologies focusing on ancestral sin or airborne miasmas co-existed with biomedical understandings, contributing to the stigmatization of affected groups. A holistic approach is needed to address the complex interplay of factors shaping local disease attribution and resulting discrimination. Therefore, the study concludes that leprosy and its effect on marriage, employment opportunities, the economy, education, and psychological effects are still causing a double burden on those leprosy-affected communities. Based on these findings, the researcher recommends that conducting awareness-creation trainings for the public at large and health professionals specifically to reduce discrimination against persons affected by leprosy. The government and relevant stakeholders, including associations of persons affected by leprosy, are recommended to prepare and deliver these awareness-creation initiatives. Key Words: Leprosy, Discrimination, Stigma, Persons affected by leprosy, Socio-cultural factors