Browsing by Author "Sale Workneh"

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    Economic Burden of Diabetesmellitus on Patients and Their Families Attending Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-12-13) Kebron Kilil ; Sale Workneh
    Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease that imposes a substantial economic burden on countries, health systems, patients, and their families. The cost of treating and caring for diabetes puts a significant strain on household budgets exposing household for catastrophic expenditure. Objective: To determine the rate of catastrophic health expenditure, identify associated factors and coping strategies among diabetes patient attending in hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method: A institutional-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in purposefully selected two public and two private hospital in Addis Ababa from July 3 to September 15 2023. A total of 391 adult diabetic patients who have had a hospital follow-up in the last 6 months or more were enrolled. A stratified sampling technique was applied. Patient data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire administered via the ODK Collect app. Data was imported to STATA version 17 for analysis. Binary and multiple logistic regression was used to assess factor associated with catastrophic health expenditure, p value less than 0.05 was used as a significance level. Result: The study enrolled 387 diabetic participants with a response rate of 98%. The incidence of catastrophic health expenditure was 35.6% at 15% of non-food expenditure. Community-based health insurance membership (AOR = 0.222; 95% CI: 0.112–0.439),frequency of appointment (AOR = 0.262; 95% CI: 0.137–0.500) and emergency visit (AOR =10.863; 95% CI: 4.303–27.421) were statistically significant associated with catastrophic expenditure. Own money (saving and salary), family support and community based health insurance was the main coping mechanism to finance their treatments. Conclusion: The study revealed economic burden of diabetes is substantial and community based health insurance, frequent appointment and emergency visit were identified as factor associated with economic burden. Therefore, to alleviate the economic strain, community based health insurance should be expanded, frequent appointment and emergency visits should be decreased by following diabetes medication advice.
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    Economic Burden of Diabetesmellitus on Patients and Their Families Attending Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-09-15) Kebron Kili; Sale Workneh
    Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease that imposes a substantial economic burden on countries, health systems, patients, and their families. The cost of treating and caring for diabetes puts a significant strain on household budgets exposing household for catastrophic expenditure. Objective: To determine the rate of catastrophic health expenditure, identify associated factors and coping strategies among diabetes patient attending in hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method: A institutional-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in purposefully selected two public and two private hospital in Addis Ababa from July 3 to September 15 2023. A total of 391 adult diabetic patients who have had a hospital follow-up in the last 6 months or more were enrolled. A stratified sampling technique was applied. Patient data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire administered via the ODK Collect app. Data was imported to STATA version 17 for analysis. Binary and multiple logistic regression was used to assess factor associated with catastrophic health expenditure, p value less than 0.05 was used as a significance level. Result: The study enrolled 387 diabetic participants with a response rate of 98%. The incidence of catastrophic health expenditure was 35.6% at 15% of non-food expenditure. Community-based health insurance membership (AOR = 0.222; 95% CI: 0.112–0.439), frequency of appointment (AOR = 0.262; 95% CI: 0.137–0.500) and emergency visit (AOR = 10.863; 95% CI: 4.303–27.421) were statistically significant associated with catastrophic expenditure. Own money (saving and salary), family support and community based health insurance was the main coping mechanism to finance their treatments. Conclusion: The study revealed economic burden of diabetes is substantial and community based health insurance, frequent appointment and emergency visit were identified as factor associated with economic burden. Therefore, to alleviate the economic strain, community based health insurance should be expanded, frequent appointment and emergency visits should be decreased by following diabetes medication advice.
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    Evaluation of Mass Media Messages in the Prevention and Control of HIV /AIDS.
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2004-04) Sale Workneh; Damen Haile
    HIV/AIDS has been one of the greatest challenges of our times since its discovery in the early 1980s. As of December 2003, the UNAIDS reported that 40 million people are living with HIV/AIDS. Yet the issue of AIDS was relatively slow in getting priority in the national agenda and it did not attract much mass media coverage at the beginning of the epidemic. Mass media are generally defined as those channels of communication, which are capable of reaching heterogeneous audiences simultaneously with uniform messages; they include radio, television, and newspapers and magazines. They are effective in raising awareness, increasing knowledge, changing attitudes and behavior. But considerable debate surrounds the effectiveness of the message; particularly at the beginning the epidemic the messages were frightening, sensational and over-dramatized. They were produced without due consideration and sometime resulted in stigma and discrimination. Hence the role of the mass media in HIV/AIDS is unquestionable but their use requires care and guidelines. Therefore, evaluation of these messages is absolutely important. The objective of this study was to assess how mass media messages of HIV/AIDS were designed and disseminated, their appropriateness and contents. The major study design was a qualitative study, which includes case studies and in-depth interviews. In addition a quantitative content analysis was conducted on the Addis Zemen and Ethiopian Herald newspapers. The study was conducted from December 2003 to February 2004. The study identified training of journalists on HIV/AIDS as being inadequate and the lack of media networking. In addition no ethical guidelines and mass media policy on HIV/AIDS were to be found. Based on the findings, appropriate recommendations were made for improvement in the deficient areas.