Browsing by Author "Regassa Teferi"

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    Assessing Progress in Ethiopia Towards Eradication of Extreme Poverty and Hunger as Part of Goal one of the Millennium Development Goals
    (Addis Ababa University, 2012-06) Kitessa Ashenafi; Regassa Teferi
    In Ethiopia, just like many African countries, it is the high incidence of poverty and hunger that served as a push factor for the adoption and integration of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in to the national development plans. The progress towards achievement of the MDGs and eradication of extreme poverty and hunger in Ethiopia has not been researched after 2005 as a result of the unavailability of data i.e. the 2010 HICES and WMS. In addition to this, the agglomerated impact of external challenges such as the global economic challenge, recurrent drought and low agricultural productivity on the achievement of the MDG goal one has not been researched. In line of these gaps, the following research objectives were set including; i. showing the achievements made so far in terms of meeting the MDG goal one targets ii. Identifying the challenges encountered, opportunities gained and prospects for achieving the goal by 2015. To achieve the objective of the study secondary data were acquired from Welfare Monitoring Surveys and Household Income, Consumption and Expenditure surveys published by the Central Statistics Agency. To complement the aforementioned data, the results of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey, variety of reports published by Ministry of Finance and Economic Development and, various agencies of the United Nations have been used. With the help of poverty headcount, gap and severity indices, the progress made so far in terms of reduction of poverty have been addressed. In addition to this, the issues of inequality and hunger have been discussed with the help of gini coefficient, Lorenz curve and anthropometric measures of nutrition. To date significant progresses have been observed in terms of halving the proportion of the poor and those who suffer from hunger. However, there appears to be a long way to go for the creation of decent employment opportunity for all. Despite the progresses made in terms of halving the proportion of the poor and those who suffer from hunger, the overwhelmingly high dependence of the government budget on external assistances and loans, the poor macro-economic management that resulted in soaring inflation and increasing trade deficit, the traditional and drought stricken nature of agriculture, climatic change and global economic challenges such as rise in food and oil prices, and the limited ability of the government to cope up with such shocks make the progresses made unsustainable and make many vulnerable to slip back again to poverty. Hence, the continuation of the current trend of strong economic growth and pro poor spending, focus on export oriented and import substituting industries and, the structural transformation of agriculture and the introduction of commercial farms are critical in terms of ensuring the continuity of the progresses made
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    Assessment of Foreign Direct Investment Effectiveness in Development and Its Challenges and Prospects: the Case of Special Zone of Oromia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Negash Shiferaw; Regassa Teferi
    Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) plays an important role as an engine of employment, technological development, productivity enhancement, economic intensification, and more importantly, as an instrument of technology transfer, specially from developed to developing countries. The Government of Ethiopia having realized the inadequacy of the domestic capital and low national saving, opened several economic sectors to foreign investors. The government has also issued several investment incentives, including tax holidays, duty free import of capital goods and export tax exemption to encourage foreign investment. The very essence of this research is assessing the contributions of FDI to the development of SZO in terms of local employement creation, generation of revenue, transfer of technology, linkage with domestic firms in boosting local productivity.It assessed the effectiveness of FDI in the development of SZO and at the same time challenges that hinder the effectiveness of FDI were also identified.SZO is one of the investment potentioal zone found at the very vicinity of Addis Ababa. This study employed mixed research method where both qualitative and quantitave data were used in the assessment.Questionnaires and interview were the main instruments used to gather first hand information from experts, FDI owners and key officials of zonal investment offices and regional investment Commission.The sampling methods used were both probability and non probability sampling. Purposive sampling was used to select experts with better knowledge and information from different sectoral offices. FDI owners were selected randomly from 53 FDIs operating in different sectors. The study sample includes 60 experts from different offices, 18 FDI owners and two officials.Totaly 80 respondents were involved in this study. The result of this study indicated that the contribution of FDI to the development of SZO has been constrained by various challenges of infrastructure, institutional buearucracy, and other organizational and human elements.Therefore it requires an effective mitigation of those challenges and impediments enhancing basic infrastructure provision, training and developing skilled manpower,institutional reforms,enforcement of technology transfer and timely implementation of projects, regular environmental auditing as well as a continous follow up or monitoring for effective implementation of FDI projects to exploite all the benefits of FDI
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    An Assessment of Project Monitoring and Evaluation Practice in Oromia Pastoral Area Development Commission: the Case of Pastoral Community Development Projects at Fentalle and Mieso Districts
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Jisso Bido; Regassa Teferi
    This study was basically initiated with general objective of assessing the Pastoral Community Development Projects monitoring and evaluation practice of OPADC in relation to the implementation of PCDPs at Fentalle and Mieso districts. To achieve its objective, the study employed descriptive research approach and both primary and secondary data were used. Questionnaires, focus group discussion, interview, and document review were, therefore, used as data collection tools. Furthermore, it employed both stratified and judgmental sampling techniques. The generated data was analyzed using quasi- qualitative approaches. The study examined checklists, questionnaires, focus group discussion, field visit and observation, review of administrative records, interview, simulation game, cost-benefit analysis and case studies set by OPADC as PCDPs monitoring and evaluation gathering tools and techniques. It was found out that efficiency, effectiveness, relevance, impact, sustainability, environment and socio-economic impacts have been employed by the OPADC as PCDPs evaluation criteria’s and lack of project evaluation principles and standards, that were not included in monitoring & evaluation manual. Moreover, the result of study indicated that OPADC employed all stages of evaluation and the tasks that were carried out mostly in monthly, quarterly, mid-term and annual bases in planned manner in regional level while at specified districts level the monitoring and evaluation process were unplanned and irregular. Additionally, most of, regional and district level PCDPs steering Committee members were not involved in monitoring and evaluation; they were only based on repots they obtained to assess the performance of the project. Hence, the study revealed that the PCDPs monitoring and evaluation process was participatory involving stakeholders through meetings and discussions held at different stages. It was also disclosed that some completed projects like Grain Mills with shops have not been functioning due to poor management. The other finding is that there were limited human resources both in terms quality and quantity to conduct monitoring and evaluation at both specified districts. Especially, there were no engineers in both districts to handle construction projects monitoring and evaluation. Competition over projects resource was also other obstacle identified by this study. The study recommended that OPADC should conduct PCDPs outcomes evaluations; OPADC needs to reconsider the human resource structure; To avoid, competition over project resources, OPADC should provide adequate resources for district PCDPs coordination office; and OPADC should improve its monitoring and evaluation manual by including projects monitoring and evaluation principles and standards
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    The Challenges of Managing Development Programs in Public Sector: the Case of e-government Program in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-11) Tadele Jember; Regassa Teferi
    Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have been expected as a powerful tool for development. However, there is a high rate of e-government project failures. The purpose of this study was to assess the challenges of managing development programs in public sector: the case of e-government program in Ethiopia. Descriptive survey method was used to attain the objective of the study. The study was conducted by using 4 public institutions engaged in e-government program and or program project implementation and beneficiaries. Respondents were from management of the program/program project, experts, support staffs teachers, students and from business community. Respondents were selected through purposive sampling. Questionnaires, interviews, document review and observation techniques were employed. The statistical tools used to analyze data were percentage, tables, graphs and charts. SPSS is employed to analyze the data. The results have revealed that e-government program has faced and still facing various challenges like lack of public awareness, limited participation of beneficiaries in design and implementation, limited electronic service development culture in Ethiopia, lack of organizational capability, weak program governance and poor strategic e-readiness many of which arise from lack of strategic e-readiness given appreciation to the efforts done so far. As far as the contributions of e-government in the a rea are concerned, it is insignificant. The government of FDRE has enacted e-government strategy in 2010, which is a tool for e- government program in Ethiopia. Its immediate impact will be discouraging against efforts exerted and even the cumulative positive effect of its outcome is time taking. In the long term its effect will be highly encouraging as the experience from literature, empirical review and discussion part shows. Office for e-government councils should be opened. Government in a short period shall designate e-government high level council members to overcome the challenges. Finally it will support to assure the expected outcome of the program
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    Industrial Zone Development in Ethiopia Challenges and Prospects: the Case of Eastern Industrial Zone. Dukem District
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-10) Gizaw Biruk; Regassa Teferi
    This study is attempting to explain the case of “Eastern Industrial Zone”, which found in Eastern part of Addis Ababa in the Dukem Administration. The overall objective of this study is to investigate achievements, challenges and potential impacts of Chinese Eastern Industrial Zone and its contribution to the economic development of Ethiopia at large and surrounding community in particular, and thereby to forward suggestion for identified problems and gaps. This study trying to identify the achievements and challenges of EIZ based on different relevant literature review of concepts and experiences of different countries, especially focusing on the area of policy, laws regulations and directions that govern SEZs; especial arrangements of institutions and existence key actors for its proper management and operations; identification of positive and adverse effect of the project on local community and environment; and infrastructures and over all benefit realized by the establishment of the project. The study has been based on primary, and secondary data collection techniques, group discussions, interview, and questionnaires (semi-structured and unstructured) as well as observation research methods in general. Qualitative and quantitative survey instruments applied aimed at examining and describing the current status of the eastern special industrial economic zone. This study identified that, the Chinese based eastern industrial zone found to be a incredible potential source in absorbing labor force attracting potential investor from china and other regions, appears to be as a good benchmark for other zone development of the country. On the other hand it has been working without prior institutional legal policy framework, well-organized institutional arrangement, planned environmental and social impact assessment, lack of linkage with national and local conomy among others. This study recommends the need for well-structured nstitutional legal framework and government close support, collaboration with its strategic business partners, strong linkage and integration with the national and local economy, viable social and environmental plan among others
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    Project Implementation Practice in Ethiopian Telecommunications Corporation: The Case of Rural Connectivity Project
    (A.A.U, 2008-07) Fantaye Habtamu; Regassa Teferi
    In order to achieve any organizations' project targets within the estimated time and cost,an efficient project implementation is essential. Efficient project implementation practice ensures the organization controls costs in such away that projects proceed in line with the plan and the budget. It also aids in making decisions that will enable the organization to achieve or exploit a strategic competitive advantage. The general objective of the research is to improve the project implementation pr act ice in ETC to make appropriate decisions on time and in a cost effective manner because proper project implementation is mandatory for the organization as it invests large amounts of capital in its project activities. To achieve this objective, the rese archer utilized experiences of concerned ETC staff (staffs of RCP, Cost, PMC, and Procurement) by conducting interviews, analyses of records and secondary data exploration. In this research, a case study research design (i.e. Rural Connectivity Project) was considered use fid as it was envisioned to lead to detailed illustration, insight, discovery and interpretation of the research findings. A number of problems have been observed ill ETC's project time management, in the project communication, in the project cost estimation, and generally in the project implementation practice. To overcome these problems the researcher has presented valuable recommendations for future improvements. As the result, the study will contribute towards an efficient project implementation practice that would enable the organization to implement its projects within the targeted cost and time.
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    Public Financial Management Practice in Public Institutions: the Case of Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (MCIT)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-07) Regassa Asegid; Regassa Teferi
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of institutional, strategic planning and contributory enablers on implementation of sound budgeting and financial management practice of the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Communication and Information Technology. To explore this study, descriptive research approach was used. Data was gathered using a structured questionnaire and guided interview. Respondents who are directly and indirectly responsible in implementing the ministry’s budget and financial management filled the questionnaire. Subsequently, the data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical software. As a whole, the findings of the study revealed that the main independent variables the institutional and contributory enablers have significantly positive effect in achieving sound budgeting and financial management practice. Consequently, all the three sub variable of institutional factors (Normative, Regulative and cultural cognitive) have a positive effect on dependent variables of implementation of sound budgeting and financial management practice of the ministry. In similar result, the overall statistical result of contributory enablers (using information technology-IBEX and staff capacity) have positive effect on implementation of sound budgeting and financial management of the ministry. However, of the two sub variables, staff capacity has a negative effect on implementation of budgeting and financial management of the ministry. On the other hand, as a set the effect of the main variable strategic planning (Stakeholders participation and resource adequacy & predictability) have a positive effect on implementation of budgeting and financial management of the ministry. However, of the two sub variables, the resource adequacy and predictability have a negative effect on implementation of sound budgeting and financial management practice of the ministry. Hence, the result implies that there is a need to fulfill and build capacity of finance and non-finance staff in basics of planning, budgeting and financial management in the ministry. Further, the ministry should give due attention to strengthen the institutional and contributory enablers’ factors while not ignoring the effect of staff capacity and resource adequacy to enhance the soundness of budgeting and financial management of the ministry. Key Words: Budgeting and financial management, Strategic planning, Institutional, Contributory enablers
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    The Role of Metal Industry in the Ethiopian Economy and Factors Influencing its Productivity
    (A.A.U, 1989-06) Regassa Teferi; G/Kiros Fassil
    The purpose of this thesis is to examine the relative importance of the metal industry in the Ethiopian economy and productivity situation in the metal factories. In the pursuit of the former objective. the historical development and the role of the metal industry in different socio-economic netting vis-a-vis the Ethiopian reality were analyzed. To achieve the latter objective. Economic and non-economic factors influencing productivity have been analyzed. Based cr. the findings. attempt has been made to make relevant policy recommendations in order to : improve the role and map out the strategy for the development ment of the sob-sector and improve the facto' use efficiency of the sub-sector. The problem has arsines because of the little recognition and support: provided to the sub-sector in Ethiopia.The results of the study indicate that the successful development of the sub-' sector plays a key role in the economic and social progress of a country . Although the potential role of the sub-sector is important in the Ethiopian economy, :it is still by far lower than the role of the sub-sector in different economic settings. It is also found that the sub-sector has increasingly become associated with high cost of production. It therefore pays to focus on the strategy for the development of the sub-sector and the removal of all managerial and operational bottlenecks to progressively improve and make the industry more profitable.
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    The Role of Private Sector in the Development of the Tourism Industry: the Case of Privately Owned Hotels in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Mitiku Henok; Regassa Teferi
    The private sector has a key role in playing a vital part in one‟s country economic growth and development. The economic contribution of privately owned hotels in Addis Ababa is a theme of this paper that has been addressing to investigate the bottlenecks of the hotel industry and assessing the substantial contribution of hotels to the economy. The objective of the research is to critically examine and evaluate the impact of privately owned hotels to the country‟s economic development. The researcher collected both qualitative and quantitative data from primary and secondary sources, using questionnaire, interview, focus group discussion, document review and personal observation to make the study more reliable and vibrant. Findings indicate that privately owned hotels have a crucial contribution to the economy as a means of generating foreign currency, maintain country‟s trade balance, in income tax generation, creation of job opportunities, skill development, building image of the country and encourage or attract visitors. The sector has also shortcoming like not having competent policy makers, lack of skilled manpower, and brain drain in the industry, lack of quality products for luxury hotels in domestic market and long customs processes to import items. The researcher concludes that the privately owned hotels contribution to the country‟s economy is enormous and in its progressive stage. Finally, the researcher recommends that the money generated by the sector should be reinvested to the hospitality industry; highly skilled professionals should be assigned by the government to its institutions to the sector so that they can solve problems related to the sector and also be able to communicate satisfactorily in international level
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    A Study on Manufacturing Project Financing by Commercial Bank of Ethiopia: Challenges and Prospects
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-02) Tesfa Shimelis; Regassa Teferi
    The importance of manufacturing project to economic growth is nquestionable in that it benefits the economy at large in terms of creating employment opportunity, increasing in the GDP of the nation, import substitution and the like. On the other hand, banks that finance manufacturing projects get large amount of income and profit if they provide loans to large and/or more number of projects. However, care should be taken as to the challenges of manufacturing project financing since they are risky and are undertaken in uncertain, forecasted business environment on the one hand and they need huge investment capital on the other. Hence, the purpose of this study is to assess the challenges and prospects of manufacturing project financing by Commercial Bank of Ethiopia and give the required recommendation as a remedy for solving or reducing the effects of the challenges and utilize the prospects in a better manner. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative research approaches to achieve the intended objectives. Both primary and secondary data types were used to collect data from managerial and non-managerial credit performers and internal records of the bank. Review of credit documents, questionnaire and semi-structured interview were used for collecting both primary and secondary data types. Simple random and purposive sampling technique was used to select sample employee respondents of CBE. Moreover, descriptive survey method was used. All the close ended questions of the questionnaires were analyzed quantitatively using mean, frequency counts and percentages. Accordingly, the study revealed that the absence of quality and completeness of manufacturing project proposals submitted by customers and poor credit culture of customers of the bank, low level skill of credit performers, lack of support of research unit to credit process of the bank, and absence of adequate data and information in the CBE for credit processing , less availability of data and up-to-date data & information outside CBE are major challenges of the manufacturing project financing by the CBE. In addition to this the current credit risk grading system of the CBE is found to be important for conducting credit analysis. However the challenges observed is that the parameters are subjective and broad in definition. In areas like Business risk and Management risk are found to be subjective to rate. No industry average in the sector. In Customer relationship risk especially in rating indicators like customer integrity and honesty is a challenge to rate. Finally recommendations were made based on the results of the study. Key recommendations include giving proper advice and seminars to customers, and intensive training, strengthening research& development and Management information system process of the bank, better the bank prepares its own industry average which can be used for internal rating purpose, develop and implement internal rating systems with larger numbers of grades to distinguish finer degrees of credit risk, and setting a policy of submission of project proposals done by known consultancy firms