Browsing by Author "Regassa, Nigatu (PhD)"

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    Demographic and Socioeconomic Determinant of Urban Street-ism amazing children in Hawassa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2001-05) Regassa, Nigatu (PhD)
    Children's issues have become the concern o/national governments as well as the international community during the last/ew decades. Children in Difficult circumstances (i.e. orphans, handicapped, Displaced children, Abused Children, and street children) which are increasingly becoming common in almost all parts 0/ the developing world have now gained the attention 0/ policy makers and programme initiators both in the j developed and developing countries. Among other social problems, the ever -and alarming increase in magnitude Of street ism in the developing regions 0/ Africa, Asia and Latin America called/or special/ocus on research and action aiming at ameliorating the existing problem. This thesis is an empirical study aimed at identifying the basic demographic, economic and social determinants 0/ Streetism among children in Awassa town, the capital 0/ Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNP). First, all the available literatures were reviewed which later helped the development 0/ jive important hypothesis and the conceptual frame work. A questionnaire, consisting 0/ about 53 items, was developed and a two days-training session was organized lor investigators and supervisors. A pilot test was conducted on fifteen children who were selected through pwposive sampling which helped the modification 0/ the questionnaire. A Case-Control,study design, which is known/or treating both exposed (cases) and non exposed (controls), was used i.e. /or each street child, included in the study, there was one corresponding non street child (control). In selecting the 540 cases and 540 controls, cluster sampling technique was used. Upon the successful completion 0/ the jield 'work, the data entry and analysis were done using the SPSS computer software package. Both descriptive and inferential statistical lechniques were used 10 analyze the data. The univariate analysis was used to see the percentage share 0/ background variables. The relative contribution or the net effect 0/ each independent variable to the dependent variable, controlling and confounding factors, was examined using the mullivariate analysis. The jindings 0/ the bivariate analysis using chi-square test, showed the exislence 0/ association between fifteen explanalory variables and streetism. The multivariate analysis using the logistic regression clearly revealed that age 0/ the child, sex o/Ihe child, migralion status, Marital instability o/parents and number o/sibling were/ound to be velY important demographic delerm inants 0/ streetism. Furlher, Educational level 0/ child's parents, exposing children to heavy work load and severe physical, punishment at home, and the occupational stall IS of/ather were found to be important socio-economic delerminants 0/ streetism. Finally, on the basis o/thejindings, /ew policy recommendations were given by classifYing them into preventive and rehabilitative measures. The need/or advocacy, educaling parents and the communily aboul child rearing, strengthening the exisling laws and policies related to street child, strengthening the extended/amily system, poverly reduction through devising income generation activities and/amily re-unification were among Ihe most imporlant policy recommendations suggesled by Ihe sludy
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    The Value of Children among Selected Communities in Southern Ethiopia A Comparative Study of Youths in Different Socio-economic Groups)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2012-06) Abdissa, Habtamu; Regassa, Nigatu (PhD)
    The present study attempted to investigate the current status of the valu e of children (vaC) for parents and tried to answer the question, "why do people want children?" The study also investigated the needs/satisfactions of having children and how these relate to fertility-related attitude. A multistage stratified probability sampling was used to select a sample size of 605 respondents consis ting of unm arried youths aged between 15-29 from differen t socio-economic groups to examine regional similarities and differences on the Vac. Responses about advantages of having ch ildren were collected and co mparisons between the different socio-economic groups and sex were made. In addition multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between socio-economic and demographic factors and the vac in one hand and the relationship between th e vac and desired number of children on th e other hand. Comparisons across different socioeco nomic groups and sex reflected changes in the perception of the different dim ensions of vac (social/normative, econom ic/utilita rian and psychological/emotional) across socio -eco nomic groups and between sexes . Res ults of the study showed that with in creased education and income, children's social/normative value decrease while increased household incom e alld expusure to media are associated with de creased economic/ut ilitarian and increased psy chological/emotional values, resp ectively. Sex, on the other hand, is p os itively associated with each of the dimensions of vacs, indicating females' high expectations from children on each of the values. Regression analysis also revea led that where children's social/normative and economic/utilitarian values assumed important, f ertility desire was high whereas psychological/emotional vac is associated with lower desired number of children. Finally, th e provision of old-age secu rity benefi ts, un employment and health insurance was recommended to low er the existence of high economic/utilitarian vac associated with high fertility desire.