Browsing by Author "Omer, Mohammed"

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    Nexus between Innovation and Economic Growth in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Omer, Mohammed; Yohannes, Workaferaw (PhD)
    The relationship between innovation and economic growth has been one of the contended subjects by scholars in the field. Conventional economic growth theory among many of it is draw backs assumes innovation as exogenous. Hence, following the emergence of new growth theory in the 80th and the era of information technology has put the validity of conventional model into question. The increased globalization has forced developing countries to make an emphasis to alleviate part of the ill of the economy to innovation. The Ethiopian economy has registered an impressive economic growth in the last few years. The Growth and Transformation plan progress report indicate the GDP rate is rapid, in broad-based and well above the average growth rate of other Sub-Saharan African countries. Thus, the study puts innovation into the perspective aims to empirically examine the relationship to economic growth using Patent, R&D and imported capital goods during the period of 1996 to 2017. The study employed ARDL multiple regression model and pairwise Granger casuality test technique for estimation. The estimated result show patent has a negative significant impact on both short and long term indicating rampant imitation in the economy. Furthermore, the unidirectional casuality that goes form growth to patent confirms the level of economic development is essential for strong IPR regime. R&D on the other hand has a positive significant impact on economic growth both in short and long term the unidirectional casuality that goes form growth to R&D indicate economic growth is causing the R&D investment. Lastly, imported capital goods have positive insignificant association on economic growth and the pairwise casuality unlike the previous variables has a unidirectional relationship that emerges from imported capital goods to growth. The study implies a major policy implication arising from the results is that innovation has a significant impact on the economic growth of the country during the study period and fundamental to the realization of sustained economic growth in Ethiopia.
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    The Perception of Teachers to Quality Education in Secondary Schools of Dessie Town
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Omer, Mohammed; Kenea, Ambisa (PhD)
    The purpose of this study was to investigate teachers' perception and commitment to improve the quality of education and their attitude towards the quality improvements reform. The participants of the study were teachers, instructional leaders (vice principals and unit leaders) and students of four govemment secondary schools of Dessie town. From these schools 74 teachers were selected randomly. Twelve instructional leaders were selected as a sample purposefully due to their position to. Moreover, 4 group interviews of students (1 group from each school) were included. As a 'method of data gathering tools questionnaire, interview and group interview were employed. To analyze the collected data, both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. The result of the study revealed that teachers conceptualized quality of education in the conventional way (in terms of input, process and output factors). It also revealed that teachers believe that the key to improve the quality of education is in their hands. The study also showed that teachers in the sample schools have low commitment to student leaming. Regarding teachers attitude to wards quality improvements reforms, the study disclosed that teachers have generally negative attitude towards most of the reforms. Low salary, lack of incentives, lack of respect from the society and the govemment, shortage of resources, low student interest to leaming and absence good govemance were the major factors that affect teachers' commitment. Based on the findings the following recommendations were forwarded: teachers should get incentives; ensure good govemance in the school and at the woreda level, and involve teachers in reforms that affect education and their life.