Browsing by Author "Mohammed, Hassen"

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    Assessment of Contraceptive Logistics Management Information System in Addis Ababa City Administration
    (Addis Abeba University, 2006-06) Mohammed, Hassen; Addissie, Mesfin
    Background: In order to attain contraceptive security in the country which is the guarantee that all people have continuous access to the quality contraceptives they need for family planning requires the presence of efficient contraceptive logistics system. The existence of a successful LMIS produces current information on quantities of contraceptives dispensed to users which enables to accurately estimate requirements for contraceptives – an essential precondition towards achieving contraceptive security. Logistics data are collected, processed, and reported through a logistics management information system (LMIS) which increases the likelihood of an adequate supply of all contraceptives for all clients. Since a contraceptive supply chain cannot function effectively without timely, accurate LMIS data, the LMIS is an essential tool for supply chain managers, clients, and policy makers. A poorly functioning LMIS can either lead to running out of contraceptives or overstock. The former leads to unwanted pregnancies and the latter can lead to wastage of contraceptives, congestion of the stores, and incurs additional cost in inventory control and disposal of the expired contraceptives. Objectives: It is to describe how well the contraceptive logistics management information system functions in the public health sector of Addis Ababa city administration and make recommendations to all parties concerned, concerning what changes should be made, and how, to improve the utilization of LMIS. It will assess and identify the nature and extent of the LMIS problems. Methods: The list of facilities run by the RHB which either distribute to other facilities or provide contraceptives to clients was made first and then stratified to sub cities, hospitals, health centers, clinics and health posts. Sample size was calculated using the formula for cross-sectional studies. Randomly selected facilities from each stratum proportionate to their size- 8 sub-city HDs, 3 hospitals, 21 health centers, 6 clinics and 28 health posts - were investigated through quantitative vi methods using structured questionnaires interviews. The principal person responsible for managing contraceptives was interviewed by well trained interviewers using pretested questionnaires in each facility. The results of the quantitative study were used for the design of the qualitative method – the focus group discussion guide. Results: There exists a well-designed contraceptive logistics system with trained personnel, distributed standard LMIS formats and established inventory control procedures through support for those activities from JSI/DELIVER. Although it was designed to operate in a pull system it was actually found operating predominantly as a push system. Majority of the facilities (56.72%) were stocked out for at least one contraceptive they manage in their facilities and the highest stock out rate was for minipills. Expired contraceptives were found in six of the sub cities and the RHB in big quantities. Only 24 facilities (35.82%) had stock cards or bin cards for at least one contraceptive managed in their facilities. Keeping quality records and reports are very low mainly due to lack of supervision and follow up from higher levels. Availability of separate stores for sub cities, training of personnels managing contraceptives and supportive supervision are among the major recommendations.
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    Assessment of Research Studies Carried out by Graduate Students in St. Mary’s University
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-08) Mohammed, Hassen; Nega, Mulu (PhD)
    The purpose of this study was to assess the research studies carried out by postgraduate students. The research reports of the students and interviews with instructors, advisors, dean and coordinator were used as source of both quantitative and qualitative data. A total of 27 students’ theses were selected using systematic random sampling from St. Mary University’s library index. Interview was used to scrutinize the information obtained in documentary analysis. The informants of the interview were 6 purposively selected MA and PhD qualified teachers. Both quantitative and qualitative techniques were used to analyze the data. The major findings of the study showed that all sample theses except three met the minimum quality standard. Regarding the status of students’ research studies, the assessment results implied that students produced a good number of research papers. On the other hand, the results of the quantitative and qualitative analyses of the data identified major challenges and major gaps or weaknesses of graduate students experienced in St. Mary’s University while they undertake research. These are: appropriateness of sample size, the research design, methods of subject selection, and subject characteristics. The paper, therefore, highly recommended that it is worthy to emphasis in report writing skills ,data analysis using the statistical package SPSS and giving a special attention of students’ attendance in research methodology courses are among others.
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    Assessment of Research Studies Carried Out by Graduate Students in St. Mary’s University
    (Addis Ababa Univerisity, 2014-08) Mohammed, Hassen; Nega, Mulu(PhD)
    The purpose of this study was to assess the research studies carried out by postgraduate students. The research reports of the students and interviews with instructors, advisors, dean and coordinator were used as source of both quantitative and qualitative data. A total of 27 students’ theses were selected using systematic random sampling from St. Mary University’s library index. Interview was used to scrutinize the information obtained in documentary analysis. The informants of the interview were 6 purposively selected MA and PhD qualified teachers. Both quantitative and qualitative techniques were used to analyze the data. The major findings of the study showed that all sample theses except three met the minimum quality standard. Regarding the status of students’ research studies, the assessment results implied that students produced a good number of research papers. On the other hand, the results of the quantitative and qualitative analyses of the data identified major challenges and major gaps or weaknesses of graduate students experienced in St. Mary’s University while they undertake research. These are: appropriateness of sample size, the research design, methods of subject selection, and subject characteristics. The paper, therefore, highly recommended that it is worthy to emphasis in report writing skills ,data analysis using the statistical package SPSS and giving a special attention of students’ attendance in research methodology courses are among others.
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    Assessment of Research Studies Carried out by Graduate Students in St. Mary’s University
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-08) Mohammed, Hassen; Nega, Mulugeta (PhD)
    The purpose of this study was to assess the research studies carried out by postgraduate students. The research reports of the students and interviews with instructors, advisors, dean and coordinator were used as source of both quantitative and qualitative data. A total of 27 students’ theses were selected using systematic random sampling from St. Mary University’s library index. Interview was used to scrutinize the information obtained in documentary analysis. The informants of the interview were 6 purposively selected MA and PhD qualified teachers. Both quantitative and qualitative techniques were used to analyze the data. The major findings of the study showed that all sample theses except three met the minimum quality standard. Regarding the status of students’ research studies, the assessment results implied that students produced a good number of research papers. On the other hand, the results of the quantitative and qualitative analyses of the data identified major challenges and major gaps or weaknesses of graduate students experienced in St. Mary’s University while they undertake research. These are: appropriateness of sample size, the research design, methods of subject selection, and subject characteristics. The paper, therefore, highly recommended that it is worthy to emphasis in report writing skills ,data analysis using the statistical package SPSS and giving a special attention of students’ attendance in research methodology courses are among others
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    Does the Exchange Rate Regime Matter for East African Countries?
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-10) Mohammed, Hassen; Atnafu, Gebremeskel (PhD)
    This study aimed at identifying whether the choice of exchange rate regime (ERR) matter for the inflation and economic growth of East African countries and identifying which regimes do best for the region. To do so it used the panel data of 10(ten) selected countries observed from 1996-2016. It used descriptive statistics and econometric analysis techniques. Even though the de-jure regime was much smaller than the de-facto, the study found that intermediate regimes dominated other ERRs. Relatively the highest levels of inflation are recorded in Malawi and Zambia while Uganda had the lowest inflation. The analysis also shows that the highest average growth level was that of Mozambique and the lowest was that of Burundi. The study found that both the claim and practice of intermediate regimes are related to lower inflation compared to pegged regimes. In the 'coarse' classification crawling regimes are negatively related to inflation compared to pegged regimes. Moreover, estimation of the 'fine' classification shows de-facto crawling peg and crawling band are negatively related to inflation compared to currency board arrangement. The study also found that de-facto intermediate regimes are negatively related to economic growth. When the 'coarse' classification of regimes is applied all intermediate regimes (i.e. crawling, managed floating and free falling regimes) are negatively related to growth. However, when institutional quality is controlled almost all the regime dummies of the 'fine' classification became insignificant in the growth regression. The result implies that the choice of ERR should be based on whether countries target either inflation or growth. Future researchers could focus on "why countries choose regimes?".