Browsing by Author "Michael, Haile"

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    Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Towards Cervical Cancer and ScreeningAssessment of Knowledge and Attitude Towards Cervical Cancer and Screening Among Female Students at Menlik Ii Health Science College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Michael, Haile; Gemechu, Endalew (PhD)
    Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. About 83% of the cases occur in developing countries, representing 15% of female cancers .In Ethiopia, prevalent cancer among women between 15 and 44 years of age with age specific incidence rate of 15.6/1000. Carcinoma of the cervix is a preventable disease; its prevention, among other ways, is through screening and detection of premalignant stages of the disease and treatment. Detection of the cervical cancer however requires knowledge of the disease and cervical cancer screening procedure so that people can be aware and positive towards screening but in Ethiopia little has been explored about knowledge and attitude of women towards cervical cancer screening. Objective: To assess knowledge and attitude of Female Students aged >18 years towards Cervical Cancer Screening in Menlik II Health Science College of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March 23 to April 30 2015. Methods: A cross-sectional institutional based study was conducted on a sample of 292 Female Students aged >18 years in Menlik II Health Science College of Addis Ababa Ethiopia using simple random sampling method .Data on knowledge status of mothers regrinding cervical cancer screening, attitude of female students towards cervical cancer screening and other pertinent variables were collected using self-administered questionnaires .The gathered data was analysis the software SPSS version 20. Results Generally the knowledge was poor, attitude was positive to majority of respondents. The results showed that 65(22.2%) had poor knowledge, 180(61.4%) had satisfactory knowledge and only 48(16.4%) had good knowledge. Overall 168(57.7%) of the respondents were positive about cervical cancer screening. Conclusions and recommendations: The study has shown that there is a lack of knowledge on cervical cancer towards screening for premalignant cervical lesion. There is a need to promote cervical cancer screening among women by Informing or teach them on their susceptibility to cervical cancer and encouraging a belief that active and regular screening can detect cervical cancer at the pre-cancerous stage, hence enabling them early treatment and prevention of cancer development. There is also a need for provision of Affordable screening services all over the country to enable women, after being motivated, to go for screening. KEY WORDS: Knowledge, attitude, Female, Students, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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    The Communicative V. The Traditional Approach to the Teaching of English Reading Comprehension At Addis Ababa University Freshman Level: A Comparative Study
    (Addis Ababa University, 1984-06) Michael, Haile; Asfaw, Melaku (PhD)
    The purpose of this study was to find out the relative effectiveness of the tradfti.nal and c.mmunicative approaches to the teaching of English reading comprehension in developing the reading abilities of Addis Ababa University freshman students. An experiment, in which a sample population of one hundred and forty freshmen in six groups took part, was conducted for six weeks. Three of the groups formed the control group and the other three the · e~erimental~ A pre-test on reading com;rehension was given to both the control and experimental groups to see if there was any significant difference between the reading abilities of the two groups. Statistical tests showed that the differences were not significant. Two sets of teaching materials were prepared for both groups in 'accerdance with the pedagogical principles of the teaching methodologies in qu~ti .n. The control classes were taught reading comprehension in the traditional approach and the experimental classes in the~ .mmunicative approach. Three particirating instructors each taught one control and one experimental class respectively. A comprehension post-test was administered t~ both the control and experimental groups . Statistical tests showed that the average post-test score of the experimental group was significantly greater than that of thecontr.l group. Therefore the null hypothesis that there would not be any Si~lificant difference between the comprehension posttest results of the two groups attributable to the adoption of the communicative approach had to be rejected. The conclusion was drawn that the communicative approach is mere effective than the traditional approach in developing the reading abilities of freshman students at Addis Ababa University.