Browsing by Author "Mesfin, Yared"

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    Economic Impact and Determinants of Export: The Case of Ethiopian Textile and Apparel Industry
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Mesfin, Yared; Mulat, Teshome (PhD)
    Ethiopian industrial development policy has put the textile and apparel industry on the forefront position to accelerate the country‟s industrialization process. The availability of huge labour force, the utilization of abundant raw material , the growing demand of this industry‟s product (as the basic human need) and the international goodwill to provide preferential and differential market access to this industry help the sector to play a significant role on the development of the country‟s economy and on mitigation of poverty. This paper examines the economic impact of textile and apparel industry, the utilization of preferential and differential market access and the determinants of the export performance. The descriptive analysis covers the period 1999 to 2009. The result of the descriptive analysis reveals that the economic impact and the preferential market utilization of the textile and apparel industry are very limited. The time series econometric analysis covering the period 1971/72 to 2008/09 employed Eviews 5 (a computer program as a tool for econometric analysis). The econometric analysis result shows that labour cost and trade openness (liberalization) have positive impact on the export performance of the sector, whereas cotton export and exchange rate have negative impact. As this study tries to indicate, the government supports only those who engage themselves on export market. However, this is not satisfactory and successful for the sector‟s development. So one of the major conclusions of this study is that unless the government revises its policy direction towards developing and supporting the sector (boost the sector investments), the current “artificial” export growth of the industry will be short-lived and ultimately results in unsustainable export growth.
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    Suitable Habitat Zone Analysis in Allidegi Wildlife Reserve, Ethiopia: a Case Study for Grevy’s Zebra
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06-06) Mesfin, Yared; Berhan, Getachew (PhD)
    Currently natural and anthropogenic effects are causing changes in wildlife suitable habitat status and distribution. This resulted in heterogeneous habitat matrix of landscape. Meanwhile, limited range of methods for studying suitable habitat analysis leads to have limited information and knowledge. Application of GIS and remote sensing for wildlife suitable habitat analysis increases monitoring of suitable habitat distribution and assists in assessing suitable habitat variables and their respective influences. The GIS based multicriteria evaluation for suitable habitat analysis presented in this study used to analyze Grevy’s zebra suitable habitat distribution in Allidegi wildlife reserve through integrating habitat factors with expertise opinion. This enables to evaluate and characterize Grevy’s zebra suitable habitat status and distribution across the study area. The objectives of this study were to contribute a better understanding of suitable habitat distribution of an endangered Grevy’s zebra in Allidegi wildlife reserve by using GIS and remote sensing. Further, Grevy’s zebra suitable habitat index had been developed through identifying and assessing the relative importance of Grevy’s zebra suitable habitat parameters for an improved management in the study area. Vegetation cover, slope, proximity to water point, settlement and road were identified as the major Grevy’s zebra habitat defining factors. Hence, their influences were analyzing and reclassified for evaluating the suitable habitat. The relative importances of the factors were determined through key informant interview and their weights were determined through analytical hierarchy process. GIS based multi-criteria evaluation was used to combine the factors map and their respective weight to produce final suitability map. Among the selected suitable habitat factors of Grevy’s zebra grassland areas found to be the most important factor in the habitat suitability index with weight of 45%. The final suitable habitat map showed that 19% (272 kmï ) are of the reserve found to be highly suitable habitat for Grevy’s zebra and 25% (368 km2) moderately suitable habitat and the rest 56% (820km2) of areas found to be unsuitable. Integrating this study results into conservation planning and management practices of the reserve would enhance decision making utility.