Browsing by Author "Mengistu Enat"

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    In Vitro Anti-Bacterial Activities of Aqueous, Ethyl Acetate and Methanol Crude Extracts of Allophylus Abyssinicus and Ligustrum Vulgare Leaves on Selected Human Pathogenic Bacteria
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-05-05) Mengistu Enat; Mamo Hassen (PhD)
    Bacterial diseases are a large burden of morbidity and mortality globally. Emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a major public health problem worldwide, particularly in low-and middle-income countries. Therefore, screening of energetic antimicrobial drugs from herbal sources is important. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of two medicinal plants: Allophylus abyssinicus (Hochst.) Radlk and Ligustrum vulgare leaves which were collected from the premises of Addis Ababa University, College of Natural and computational Sciences. Plant samples were air dried in shade and ground into powder separately. Each powder was soaked in water, methanol and ethyl acetate in 1:10 solute-solvent ratio then, placed on a shaker for 72 hours. The filtered extracts were concentrated in a rotary evaporator and lyophilizer for alcoholic and aqueous extracts respectively. Antibacterial activity test was conducted against selected human pathogenic bacterial species (clinical and standard strains) using the agar-well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined using broth dilution method. Furthermore, the extracts phytochemical content was identified and safety of the plant was tested on Swiss albino mice. The methanol crude extracts of both plants had relatively higher antibacterial activity than aqueous extracts. Standard Staphyllococcus aureus strain was the most susceptible test organism in both methanol and aqueous extracts of both plants. But both clinical and standard strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant to all extracts. The lowest MIC and MBC of both plants were also recorded for methanol extracts against the standard Staphyllococcus aureus strain. Flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, tannins, steroidal glycosides and glycosides were detected in both plants. Both plants leaves extracts were not toxic up to 2000mg/kg on the test mice. Future antibacterial activity test on the fractionates of both plants are needed to obtain more promising results.