Browsing by Author "Melesie, Getu"

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    Evaluation of Hypoglycemic and Antihyperglycemic Effect of Aqueous and 80% Methanol Leaves Extracts of Thymus Schimperi (Lamiaceae) in Mice
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-11) Melesie, Getu; Abula, Teferra(PhD)
    Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases nearly in all countries and the burden continue to increase especially in developing countries. Current treatment interventions have been hampered by drawbacks like high costs, inaccessibility, and potential adverse effects. Hence it is necessary to evaluate medicinal plants for their pharmacological effects to support existing drugs in treating diabetes. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activity of leaf extracts of Thymus schimperi in mice. Aim of the study: The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of the aqueous and hydroalcolic leaf extract of T. schimperi on blood glucose level. Methods: The aqueous and 80% methanol extracts of T. schimperi leaves were prepared. Swiss albino mice of either sex weighing 20-30 grams were selected for the experiments. Normal mice were grouped into six groups (of each containing 6 mice) to carry out hypoglycemic effect of the extracts, whereas mice that were made diabetic were grouped into seven groups to study the antihyperglycemic effect of the extracts. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitonial injection of alloxan monohydrate (180mg/kg body weight). Each extract was tested for antihyperglycemic activity using glucose tolerance test in normal mice also. Then Blood glucose levels were measured. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done using common chemical test procedures and acute toxicity study was done as per OECD 425 guidelines. The results were analyzed using one way ANOVA at a 5% level of significance. Results: The aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of T. schimperi leaves lack hypoglycemic effect on normoglycemic mice at dose of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg. In oral glucose tolerance test, extracts of T. schimperi led to dose-dependent reductions in blood glucose levels. After diabetic mice were treated with extract of both solvent at dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg for 21 days, II there were significant decreases in fasting blood glucose when compared to those diabetic controls. The observed antidiabetic activity could be associated with the phytochemicals present in this plant extract. The extract of both solvent also prevented body weight loss of diabetic when compared to diabetic mice group. Results of preliminary phytochemical screening indicated that alkaloid, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins and steroids were presented in leaves extracts. It was also observed that the extracts have shown no acute toxicity at a dose of 2 g/kg. Conclusion: The aqueous and 80% methanol extracts of T. schimperi leaves have showed blood glucose level lowering effect in diabetic mice, but lack hypoglycemic effect in normoglycemic mice. Key word: Hypoglycemic, Antihyperglycemic, T. schimperi, alloxan, in vivo.