Browsing by Author "Mekonnen, Alemayehu (PhD)"

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    Assessment of health management information system (HMIS) data quality and information use: The case of Yekatit 12 Hospital, Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-10) Bayisa, Regasa; Mekonnen, Alemayehu (PhD); Jemaneh, Getachew (PhD)
    Background: Good quality data delivered on time to users (as information) is an important aspect of healthcare planning, management and decision making. Data must be collected, processed and transformed, communicated, and used to help decision makers on resource allocations, policy formulation, staffing, service delivery, cost-recovery, supportive supervision, and other elements required in the effort of ensuring quality health service provision. HMIS is a core health system building block designed to provide important data for continuous quality improvement at all level of decentralized health care administration. For consistent data use to occur, data need to be of high quality so that data users are confident that the data they are consulting are accurate, complete, and timely. Without quality data, demand for data drops, data-informed decision making does not occur, and program efficiency and effectiveness will suffer. Objective: To assess Health Management Information System (HMIS) data quality and information use in Yekatit 12 Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methodology: Descriptive cross sectional case study design in the form of both quantitative and qualitative study methods were used to identify the HMIS interventional areas in the hospital. Customized questionnaire and observation guide from PRISM tool was used to collect both descriptive and analytical data. Following the selected tools guideline most of the HMIS performance determinants were measured through continuous or Likert scale of 1-7 (one- very weak to seven- very strong) indicators. The organizational and behavioral part has involved 187 respondents selected from each department staff. Mix of data collection technique used was: interview of key informants, self-administered questionnaire, record review and observation. Discussion of results: This assessment revealed high report completeness (100%) and data accuracy (90%); however, it also demonstrated limited generated information use at senior management level and totally non-existence of information use practice at departments and case team levels. Both organizational and behavioral determinants were found to be major rate limiting factor for low level information use observed. Overall, information culture promotion was found to be only 51.0 (47.2, 54.7); meaning the hospital management was weak in creating good work environment for HMIS related activities, use of collected data for evidence based decision making, empowering and creating responsibility among employees. This assessment also revealed low level staff motivation 45.2 (41.5, 49.0) and comparatively higher staff confidence in performing HMIS related activities. Respondents were more confident in interpreting results and their implication 67.0 (63.5, 70.6) than routinely collecting information which they rated as most boring activity 40.4 (36.7, 44.1). Conclusion and recommendation: This assessment confirmed high report completeness, data accuracy and report generation in Yekatit 12 Hospital; with limited information use practice which was not because of data quality rather because of low information culture promotion and low level of staff motivation on HMIS related activities. This also indicated that data was primarily collected for reporting not for use. Therefore, in order to ensure the continuity of present data quality and to improve the observed poor information use; the hospital shall:  Adopt and implement context-appropriate incentive systems for accurate and complete data collection, analysis and use at individual, case team or department levels with timely report submission to HMIS unit and evidence-based plans and performance achievements.  The hospital should functionalize the hospital performance monitoring team established to oversee the HMIS data collection, analysis and utilization performance in hospital.  Quarterly performance review meeting should be fully implemented as per EHRIG standard both at department and hospital levels especially using objective performance measurement based on selected respective indicators. Key words: Data quality, Information use and Performance determinants.
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    Assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Practices of Tuberculosis Patients towards Tuberculosis and its Treatment in Addis Ababa City Government,Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2011-05) Assefa, Senait; Mekonnen, Alemayehu (PhD)
    Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease that has long been one of the major health problems. It affects individuals of all ages and both sexes. Poverty, malnutrition and over-crowded living conditions have been known for decades to increase the risk of developing the disease. According to the FMOH hospital statistics data, TB is the leading cause of morbidity, the third cause of hospital admission (after deliveries and malaria) and the second cause of death in Ethiopia after malaria. TB is an obstacle to socio-economic development. Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of TB patients towards tuberculosis and its treatment in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia. Methods: The study design was facility based a cross-sectional quantitative survey was undertaken through interviewing 422 patients in eight selected health facilities of Addis Ababa by using purposeful sampling. The sample size was assigned to each health facility proportionally to their quarterly patient flow. Data entry and analysis was done by Epi Info version 6 software package and SPSS version 16.0. Bi-variate and multivariate logistic regression was employed. Results: The result of the study showed that the level of knowledge of tuberculosis was low. Only 47.6% of patients attained high overall knowledge score. Statistically significant association was found between high knowledge score and attending formal education (OR=2.4, 95% CI= 1.5, 3.9), owner of Radio/TV (OR=2.7, 95%CI=1.4, 5.0), listening health information through Radio/TV (OR=2.0, 95%CI=1.3, 3.0) and knowing of person suffered from TB (OR= 2.5, 95% CI=1.6, 3.6). Overall attitude of patients scoring favorable attitude was 56.6% .The findings revealed significant association between high score of attitude and formal education (OR=2.1, 95%CI=1.3, 3.5) and listening health information through radio/television (OR=2.2, 95%CI=1.5, 3.3). Although there was a low level of knowledge and considerable number of the study patients had unfavorable attitude, over all 265 (62.8%) of patients scored favorable practices. Conclusion and recommendation: Generally over all knowledge and attitude of TB patients about TB and its treatment were low in Addis Ababa city. So implementation of health education and awareness creation by using different mechanisms and further research are recommended.
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    Assessment of utilization of modern family planning methods among women living with HIV/AIDS who are on chronic care follow up in Yirgalem public health facilities, Sidama Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2014-06) Lemma, Likelesh; Mekonnen, Alemayehu (PhD)
    Introduction Ethiopia is one of the countries’ most severely hit by HIV pandemic. According to the 2007 single point HIV prevalence estimate of Ethiopia for the year 2010, 90,311 HIV positive pregnant women and there were 14,276 annual HIV positive births. Preventing unintended pregnancy among HIV-positive women constitutes a critical and cost-effective approach to primary prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) and is a global public health priority for addressing the desperate state of maternal and child health in HIV hyperendemic settings, yet few data exist on contraceptive use among women entering HIV care. Objectives: To assess utilization of modern FP methods among women aged 18-49 years living with HIV/AIDS who are on chronic care follow up in Yirgalem public health facilities. Methods: The study used quantitative study methods in the form of Facility based crosssectional survey supplemented by qualitative approach during the months of February to April 2014. Four hundred HIV positive women aged 18-49 years having HIV chronic follow up care in Yirgalem public health facilities were included using systematic random sampling technique. Structured and pretested questionnaire was used to obtain information from the respondents and the analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. Following descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate methods of data analysis were employed. Strength of associations and significance level were examined using Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals respectively. Thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Result: Three hundred ninety seven women on chronic care follow up participated in the study yielding a response rate of 99.3. Three hundred ninety seven (100%) of study participant were ever heard about modern family planning methods. More than half, 229 (57.7%), of the respondents were using modern FP methods at the time of the survey, of these, 111 (48%) were using dual contraceptive methods. Being secondary and above education (AOR: 4.63; 95% CI: (1.23-17.35), being married (AOR: 9.1; 95% CI: 3.81-25.58) and had peer support (AOR: 9.186; 95% CI: (3.29-25.62) were more likely to use modern FP methods. Conclusion and recommendation: In this study result showed that most of respondents were using modern FP methods. Almost half of them were using dual FP methods. Out of current modern FP users only one fourth of the women get FP service from the ART unit. ART/FP integrated service and counseling on modern FP should be strengthened.
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    Design of a Web Based System to Support Nursing Care Planning For Wolaita Sodo Outona Referral Hospital
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-05) Sebhatu, Siraj; Mekonnen, Alemayehu (PhD); Jemaneh, Getachew (PhD)
    Background: Nursing process is a systematic problem solving approach used to identify, prevent and treat actual or potential health problems and promote wellness. It has five steps- assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The nursing care planning and documentation of patient care needs are important. The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can impact on the work that nurses carry out. Involvement of nurses in the analysis and design phases of a web based nursing care planning is necessary to properly encapsulate their care planning and documentation requirements. Objective: This project attempted to design a Web Based System to Support Nursing Care Planning for Wolaita Sodo Outona Hospital (WSOH). Methodology: The proposed project uses object oriented analysis and design system development technique approach and different data collection tools i.e. (interview, observation and relevant document review techniques) to collect sufficient data needed for the system to be developed. Analysis and design of the proposed system was performed using the object oriented analysis and design tools i.e. (class diagram, inheritance of the class, and association of the class, UML diagram, ER diagram), PHP and HTML ,Java script for programming language and My SQL for database used. Result: The developed design of a web based system to support nursing care planning for Wolaita Sodo Referral Hospital incorporates Register new /update repeat patient detailed information, Search patient detail, assesses the patient condition, to make nursing diagnosis ,prepares care plan ,implement goals, evaluate the outcome ,and prepared aggregate report information ; nurses give care service at In Patient Department (IPD). To capture all of these data relational data base system was designed. Finally, the three tire system architecture also designed to give a high level view of the new system. Conclusion: A web based system to support nursing care planning system used by nurses should make time-saving possible, be easily used with easy menus, save all applications exactly, have warning and alarm systems, display necessary interventions at appropriate times, be a guide for patient care.
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    Developing Web-Based Referral Information Management System for Hospitals and Health Centers in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2012-06) Regassa, Akale; Mekonnen, Alemayehu (PhD); Kebede, Gashaw (PhD)
    Background: Web-based referral Information management system presents a multitude of potential benefits for health system especially for those in developing countries. It facilitates consultation, reduces unnecessary face to face specialist visits, makes handling of referred patient data efficient, and improves quality of care in referral unit through timely and informed decision. Objective: This project, therefore, aimed to develop a Web-based referral Information management system for hospitals and health centers in Addis Ababa, WRIMSAA. By taking referral centers in Addis Ababa, attempt was made to introduce a Web-based referral Information management system that may substitute the existing traditional referral system. Methodology: In order to meet the objectives of the project, the researcher has performed requirement gathering and analysis prior to employing an Object Oriented Analysis and Design methodology. Analysis, design and implementation of the proposed system, WRIMSAA is performed. UML tools for analysis, design phases and programming tool Java, web application scripting language JSF, JSP embedded with HTML and MySQL database language was employed. Integration of developed modules and testing was the final task performed to bring the system functional. Result: Therefore, in this project the researcher developed a Web-based System, WRIMSAA that helps referral service providers to refer, allocate and redirect patients to alternative facilities with minimal time. A database is developed with integration to web application that improves management of referred patient data at all referral centers, using developed databases the users at referral center can access referral data, anywhere and anytime. Finally, WRIMSAA tested and evaluated by users at referral centers. Conclusion: Improving the existing referral system using Web-based Referral Information Management system plays an important role in enhancing the quality of referral service provision in Ethiopia. It has a great impact in reducing morbidity and mortality rate by providing on time referral service which can be achieved through effective communication, coordination, sharing of patient medication data using Web-based system. Key terms: Web-based Referral Information Management System, Object-Oriented Analysis and Design, Hospitals, Internet, Addis Ababa
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    Magnitude and Factors Associated with khat Chewing among Students of Adama University, Oromia National Regional State
    (Addis Abeba University, 2012-06) Teshome, Getu; Mekonnen, Alemayehu (PhD)
    Background: In some countries the use of Khat is widespread. The use or misuse of khat is increasingly prevalent in Ethiopia. College and University students consume khat to get mental alertness and to work hard in their academic endeavours. Most of the studies concerning khat chewing were done on community based studies and high school based as well as psychiatric effects of khat: less was done among University students. Objective: The study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of Khat chewing among Undergraduate Adama University Students. Methodology: A cross-sectional study using self administered questionnaire was conducted on population sample size determined by using single population proportion formula in January 2012.By using multi stage sampling technique followed by simple random sampling one department was selected from each school. Then, by simple random sampling the sampled students were selected proportional to their year of study and class size. Questions regarding demographic variables, academic and environmental factors were included in the survey. Data quality was controlled by pre-test, supervision, translation and training data collectors. Completed data were coded and entering into EPI info version 3.5.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 16. Odds Ratio with 95% CI and multiple logistic regression analysis were used. Results: A total of 728 students participated giving a response rate of 95.3%. The lifetime and current prevalence of khat chewing were found to be 27.7% and 20.7% respectively. Being male (AOR=1.95; 95% CI 1.10-3.47), monthly pocket money (AOR=1.52; 95%CI=1.01-2.28), family history of khat chewing (AOR=1.72; 95%CI= 1.14-2.59) and friend chewing khat (AOR=1.70; 95% CI= 1.12-2.58) were associated factors for khat chewing (p<0.05). Conclusion and Recommendation: The prevalence of khat chewing among Adama University students were high compared to other studies done in similar settings. Therefore, there is a need for early intervention that targets university students to reduce impact of peer pressure, family history of khat chewing and proper management of money. To realize this involvement and participation of policy makers, ministry of education, universities and parents is mandatory.