Browsing by Author "Lidet Hiwot"

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    Multidrug-resistant Bacterial Profiles of Inanimate Objects at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2025) Lidet Hiwot; Hailu Melese; Yohannes Meron
    Introduction: Nosocomial pathogens cause serious nosocomial infections and are acquired inhealthcare settings within a few days of patient admission. The transfer of bacteria frominanimate surfaces to patients is a major factor in the spread of HAIs. Methods: A cross-sectional investigation was done at Zewditu Memorial Hospital from June to November 2024. A total of 204 inanimate objects situated at operational rooms and intensivecare units were swabbed. All of the specimens were cultivated onto MacConkey as well as bloodagar. Each positive sample was evaluated using colony structure, gram-staining plus biochemicalassays. Susceptibility to antimicrobial agents test was done by Kirby–Bauer disk diffusiontechnique. ESBL producers were confirmed by the Double disc Synergy and combination disctest while carbapenemase producers was checked using the Modified Carbapenem inactivationmethod. MRSA was identified using the Cefoxitin Disk Diffusion Test. All tests were doneaccording to the guidelines of CLSI 34th edition 2024. Result: Out of the 204 swabbed samples, 77.45% (n=158/204) showedbacterial growth with anoverall count of 171 bacteria isolates. Among them Gram-positive bacterial agent were 71.3%(n=122/171) and Gram negative bacteria were 28.6% (n=49/171). CoNS 46.1% (n=79/171) andBacillus spp. 21.6% (n=37/171) were the most prevalent isolates identified. Out of the totalisolates 55 were identified as pathogenic based on their ability to cause disease and selected forantibiotic resistance testing. Gram negative bacteria showed high resistance to ampicillin(67.3%), amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (61.2%), ciprofloxacin (63.2%), sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim(63.2%), cefepime (57.1%), and piperacillin-tazobactam (55.1%). Similarly grampositive bacteriashowed high resistance to azithromycin (100%), penicillin (100%), clindamycin(100%), and erythromycin (100%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 61.8% (34/55) of theisolates. The total incidence of ESBL as well as carbapenemase-producer bacteria from thesuspected isolates was 26.5% (n=13/49) and 12.2% (n=6/49) respectively while the prevalenceof MRSA was 50% (n=3/6).