Browsing by Author "Kumie, Abera( PhD)"

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    Assessment of occupational injuries and its associated factors among waste cleaners in governmental hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-06) Abeje, Ayzohbel; Kumie, Abera( PhD); Teferra, Yifokir (PhD fellow)
    Background: The job of waste cleaners are characterized by lifting, pulling, carrying and pushing health care wastes containers that potentially expose them to different ergonomics problems and physical injuries. There are also hazardous and nonhazardous wastes that requires due attention. There exist a concern that hazardous and nonhazardous waste may lead to the occurrence of high degree of sharp related injuries. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of occupational injury and to identify the occupational associated factors that lead to the development of occupational injury among waste cleaners in governmental hospitals of Addis Ababa city. Methods: This study was conducted on governmental hospitals found in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia using cross-sectional study design among 403 cleaners. Data was collected using structured questionnaire, observational checklist and then verified. Odds ratio with 95% confidence was calculated to check whether there is association between selected independent variables and occupational injury or not. Multivariate logistic regression was also used to see the relative effect of one independent variable on occupational injury by controlling the other independent variables. Results: Among 398 study participants, 390(98%) of them were female and male accounts 8(2%). The mean age of the respondents were 28.6 with a minimum of 14 and a maximum of 70. Most of the respondents (100%) used personal protective equipment while they are on duty. Out of 398 governmental hospital cleaners, 47 (11.8 %) with 95% CI (8.8, 15.3) of them were reporting physical injury in the past one year due to their occupation. Family size, working hours per day and sleeping disorder are associated with the independent variable. As compared with who had five and more family, the odds of occupational injury who had two and less (AOR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.191-0.936) and three to four family (AOR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.193-0.959) were reduced by almost half. And Occupational injury of respondents who works for above 8 hours (AOR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.08-4.37) were 2.17 more likely exposed than those who works 8 and below. In addition, the occupational injury of those who had not sleeping disturbance (AOR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.083.33) were also reduced by 84% as compared with who faced sleeping disorder. Conclusion: Occupational injury among waste cleaners in Addis Ababa governmental hospitals needs a public health intervention. Hence, job rotation, improvement of employs’ income and provision of sufficient PPE are highly recommended. Periodic health surveillance of cleaners is also advisable to early identify and detect work related compliant.
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    Assessment of Sanitary Conditions of Public Food and Drinking Establishments in Yeka Sub-City, Addis Ababa
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-07) Mulatu, Gezahegne; Kumie, Abera( PhD); Tefera, Worku( BSc, MPH )
    Background: Food prepared in large quantities are liable to contamination & to the rise of food-borne diseases. Currently eating & drinking in mass catering establishments is likely to be common. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the sanitary practice of public food and drinking establishments and determine associated factors in Yeka Sub-City Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between July 2020 and Oct 2020. 409 participants (food and drinking establishments) with a 100% response rate were included for this study. Trained sanitarians collected data using structured, pre-tested questionnaires & observation checklists. Data was entered using Epi-data and data analysis was done using SPSS (version 25). Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine associations between pertinent variables. Pvalue <0.05 were considered to indicate a significant statistical association. Results: The study showed 48.2% of food and drinking establishments were under improper sanitary conditions. Training of managers on food hygiene was strongly associated with the overall sanitary practice by (AOR=2.39, 95% CI: 1.353-4.2468), using the standard 3-compartment dish/glass washing basin were significantly associated by (AOR=4.75. 95% CI: 2.687-8.400) respectively, with the overall sanitary practice of food establishments. Conclusion: Improper sanitary practice was observed in a large proportion of food establishments. The absence of trained managers was a significant factor associated with the proper sanitary practice of food establishments. Regulatory bodies should conduct regular inspections of the establishments to promote and ensure proper hygiene and sanitation practices.
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    Welding Fume Exposure and Prevalence of Chronic Respiratory Symptoms among Micro and Small-Scale Enterprise Metal and office work in Akaki Kality, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021) Badima, Hager; Wakuma, Samson (Ph.D.); Kumie, Abera( PhD)
    Abstract Background: Exposure to welding fume can lead to different respiratory health disorders including lung cancer due to long term exposures. In Ethiopia there are no investigations conducted on the level of personal welding fume dust exposure and prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms. Objectives: This study aims at assessing chronic respiratory illness, associated factors, and the metal fume concentration among micro and small-scale enterprise metal workers and micro and small scale and office workers in Akaki Kality, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 226 metal workers and 217 office workers. Subjects were selected using stratified sampling methods and the establishments were selected by using systematic random sampling technique. The respiratory symptoms were collected using structured questionnaire adapted from American thoracic society and observational checklists were used to assess respiratory protective equipment, work place ventilation and welding sites. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Multivariate analysis was conducted to check the association between dependent and independent variables with p=<0.2. Considering P <0.05 as a significant association and 95% CI. Result: The overall prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms among metal and office workers were 23.9% and 9.2% respectively. The Geometric mean personal dust exposure among welders were 5.98 mg/m 3 (±GSD=1.54). A significance association were seen between welding fume exposure and occurrence of chronic respiratory symptoms in lower educational status (AOR: 5.11, 95% CI: 1.35, 19.33) not utilizing respiratory protective equipment (AOR: 3.33, 95% CI: 1.52, 7.31), not getting a safety training (AOR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.10, 5.28) welding machine maintenance (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.59) and doing welding task indoor (AOR: 6.85. 95% CI: 2.36, 19.89). Conclusion: A significance association were seen between welding fume exposure and occurrence of chronic respiratory symptoms in educational status, usage of respiratory protective equipment, safety training, welding machine maintenance and welding site. Further investigation should be done to strength the finding.