Browsing by Author "Kebene Temesgen"

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    Assessment of Farm Management Practices, Antimicrobial Usage, Poultry Health and Welfare: Isolation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of E. Coli in Poultry Farms at the Starter Phase In Bishoftu, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2024) Kebene Temesgen; Hika Waktole
    In view of the expanding trend of poultry sector, the starter phase of poultry production requires effective management, health, welfare and judicious antimicrobial usage. Suboptimal practices during the starter phase can result in reduced productivity and increased spread of disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2023 to May 2024 with the targeted objectives of assessing farm management practices, poultry health and welfare, antimicrobial usage and susceptibility profile of E. coli in poultry farms during the starter phase in Bishoftu town. Methodologically, the study employed questionnaire surveys and bacteriological isolation of E. coli. The questionnaire survey revealed that 69%, 50%, 70%, 42% and 65% of respondents had good management practices in terms of housing and brooding, chick quality and procurement, health and biosecurity, welfare and antimicrobial usage, respectively. The study's findings indicated several managemental practices were not properly addressed. The study found that farmers' educational level, experience and role significantly (p<0.05) impact on the management of housing and brooding, as well as maintenance of health and biosecurity and rational use of antimicrobials. Education also significantly influenced (χ2=28.6; p=0.000) the promotion of chicken welfare within the farms. Risk factors like breed also impact chick quality and procurement management and maintenance of health and biosecurity (p<0.05). Differences in farm size also played a significant (p<0.05) influence in maintaining health and biosecurity, promoting animal welfare and ensuring the rational use of antimicrobials. The present study disclosed that 52.7% (116/220) isolation of E. coli from cloacal swabs. Further, Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed all isolates showed 100% resistance to oxacillin and penicillin, 88% to vancomycin, 64% to oxytetracycline, 48% to amoxicillin, 32% to sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim. To promote effective management of poultry farms, particularly during the starter phase targeted interventions are recommended for effective poultry farm management, focusing on promoting poultry health, and welfare and judicious use of antimicrobials for sustainable farming practices