Browsing by Author "Kebede, Tadesse(PhD)"

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    Comparison of Diagnostic Performance of Mini Parasep® Sf Faecal Parasite Concentrator, Kato-Katz Thick Smear and Mcmaster Thechniques for the Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasitic Infections Among Wosha Soyama Primary School Children, Wondo Genet, Southern Ehiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-09) Adugna, Shimeles; Kebede, Tadesse(PhD); Erko, Berhanu(Professor)
    Abstract:-Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality, especially among school-aged children. The diagnosis commonly relies on the detection of trophozoite, cyst, oocyst, parasites egg, or larvae in stool. However, infections often escape diagnosis due to inefficiency of diagnostic methods among others (like, inappropriate sampling and inadequate skill of laboratory personnel). So, the aim of this study was to evaluate or compare the diagnostic performance or operational characteristics of three different diagnostic techniques for the determination of the prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasitic infections in order to explore a better diagnostic method in the study area. Method: Institution based crosssectional study was conducted in Wosha Soyama primary School, Wondo Genet area. Students were selected by systematic random sampling and stool samples were collected. Samples were screened for the detection and intensity of intestinal parasitic infection using Mini parasep ® SF faecal parasite concentrator, Kato-Katz thick smear and McMaster egg counting technique. Data were entered in to Excel and analyzed with SPSS version 22 and Stata version 13. RESULT: - Overall 86.1% (328/381) of samples were found positive for intestinal parasitic infection. Poly-parasitism were found in 54.1% (206/381) of the stool samples examined. The prevalence of intestinal parasites using the Mini parasep ® SF faecal parasite concentrator, Kato-Katz and McMaster were 77.7% (296/381), 68.8% (262/381) and 47.5% (181/381), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of Mini parasep ® SF faecal parasite concentrator were 90.2%, 100%, 72.7% and 100%, for Kato-Katz thick smear 80.0%, 100%, 64% and 100% and for McMaster 55.2%, 100%, 57.6% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Mini parasep ® SF faecal parasite concentrator detects many helminths including cysts of protozoan parasites than the two methods. It had low egg counting ability compared to the two methods, except higher mean egg count for Hymenolopis nana and Hook worm than Kato -Katz thick smear. Kato- Katz also showed better performance than McMaster except for Hookworm and Hymenolopis nana. McMaster showed better performance for Hookworm than both methods. In addition it had better performance than Kato- Katz for Hymenolopis nana. Kato-Katz also had more sensitivity and negative predictive value than McMaster. Moreover, Kato Katz showed better performance in assessing intensity of infection for most helminths detected than the two methods. Intestinal parasitic infections showed alarming prevalence and intensity of infection in study area. Recommendation: For mapping priority areas for control, monitoring and evaluation of programs impact, or for surveillance purpose and routine diagnosis of intestinal parasites further evaluation of Mini parasep ® SF relative to other methods and strength health promoting activities in this area is recommended. Keywords: Diagnostic performance, Mini parasep® SF, Kato-Katz, McMaster, Intestinal parasites, school children, Ethiopia
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    Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites Among Preschool Children and Maternal Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Prevention and Control of Intestinal Parasites in Senbete and Bete Towns, North Shoa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-11) Lewetegn, Moges; Kebede, Tadesse(PhD)
    Background: Intestinal Parasites (IPs) which consist of protozoa and helminths mostly infect gastro-intestinal tract of human. Generally, most intestinal protozoa and helminths are transmitted by contaminated food, water, and unhygienic conditions. In developing countries where parasitic infections are widespread, preventive chemotherapy is the key strategy for morbidity control. However, there is poor understanding of the local knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards parasitic infections, although such information is required for prevention and sustainable control. Objective: To assess prevalence of intestinal parasites among preschool children, maternal knowledge, attitude and practice on prevention and control of intestinal parasites in Senbete and Bete towns North shoa zone, Ethiopia. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 214 preschool children in Senbete and Bete towns in July 2015. Stool specimens was collected and analysed for intestinal parasites using Kato-Katz and formol-ether concentration technique. Mother’s knowledge, attitude, and practice data were collected using a per-tested structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially with SPSS-20 statistical software and P values of <0.05 were considered as significant. Result: Out of 214 preschool children stool samples examined in Senbete and Bete towns the overall prevalence of intestinal parasite was 52.3%. In our finding the predominant parasites were Hymenolepis nana (23.8 %), followed by Giardia lamblia (19.6%). Maternal education level, open field defecation and playing with soil were significantly associated with intestinal parasite infections. On the other hand, 19% mothers had knowledge and 41% of them had fair knowledge on prevention and control of intestinal parasites based on knowledge scoring onselected questions. Beside that 56.1% of the respondent had positive attitude on the prevention and control of intestinal parasites. Conclusion and recommendation: High prevalence of intestinal parasite infections was found. There is a need for long term control measures to health education program focusing the improvement of KAP of parents to control intestinal parasitic infections and mass treatment for the effective control. Key words: preschool children, intestinal parasite, Maternal Knowledge, attitude and practice