Browsing by Author "Kebede, Dereje (PhD)"

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    The Attitudes of Students. Parents and Teachers towards the Promotion and Provision of Condoms for Adolescents in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 1994-05) Eshetu, Fisseha; Kebede, Dereje (PhD)
    A c!Coss-sectional descriptive survey through a selfadministered , anonymous and structured questionnaire was conducted from September to December, 1993 in ten high schools in Addis Ababa to determine the sexual behaviour of adolescents, their knowledge about AIDS, attitudes and practices regarding condoms, their attitudes towards the promotion and distribution of condoms in schools, and towards the incorporation of health and sex education into the regular teaching curricula and into the teachers' training curricula. A total of 910 parents, 755 students and 232 teachers participated in the survey. The results showed that, of the 355 students, 39.8% of the boys and 5.6% of the girls have had a sexual experience. Peer pressure (35 . 2%) and by force (21. 6%) were the most important factors that precipitated the first sexual encounter . 10 . 1% had coital contact with a commercial sex worker. Only 42.2% of the sexually active students used condoms on their first sexual encounter, and only 27 . 7% used condoms continuously on their subsequent sexual encounters. 59 . 0% of the parents, 56.6% of the teachers and 37.7% of the students felt that most students have adequate knowledge about AIDS . Only 38.8% of the parents, 34.0% of the teachers and 42 . 8% the students felt that most students have adequate i nformation about condoms. 61. 2% of the students, 60.0% of the parents and 61.6% of the teachers approved the idea of condom distribution in schools. A stratified analysis identified only age tor pare nt", .. "'p." for '. tu:l ·!!!<. ~ .. ~!!d religion for teachers to hQ",'~ a ~·tat. i a"ticall:y s.iynificant influence upon the attitude to,·!ards the distribution of condoms in schools. An overwhelming majority in each of the three categories, 92.6% of the students, 98.7% of the parents and 96.1% of the teachers, approved the incorporation of heal th education into the regular teaching curricula. 80.1% of the students, 90.9% of the parents and 96.1% of the teachers also supported the idea of sex education in schools. This study, based upon the findings, recommends that education and health policy makers to make a relentless effort to commence health and sex education by incorporating them into the regular curricula; the implementation of subsequent surveys to identify the most effective and acceptable routes of condom distribution in schools; and implementation of similar surveys in the rural settings to assess the attitudes in a different setting and acquire a more general overview for the whole country .
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    The Magnitude of Khat Use and Its Association With Health , Nutrition and Socio-Economic Status
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 1997-12) Belew, Mesfin; Kebede, Dereje (PhD)
    A house to house survey was carried out in a rural Ethiopaian c ommunity to determine prevalence of khat use and its association with t he health ; nut ritional, and socio - economic status users . A total of 1200 adults were interviewed . Among these 60.9% were males and 79 . 1% Moslems. The curre l . prevalence of khat chewing was found to be 31 . 7%. Muslims more than Christians, males more females, those beween t he ages 15 and 34 years mon ' than other age groups were habitual users . Select ci physical inJuries, illnesses, (OR(95%C I ))=1.52(1,14,2.02 ). (OR(95%CI)=2.31(1.42,3.79), undernutrition. OR (95%CI) =1. 76 (1.24,2 . 48), OR (95%CI) =8 . 30 (5.20,13 . 31) , associated with khat use . mental distres rwere found to be Family function amOL current khat users was significantly higher than non users (OR95%CI ) = 1. 56 (1.04,2 . 28) . The function among current users was observed to be abou t 20% higher. It is concluded that a fairly larg~ proportion of the population consumes khat and thel,'. this is related to physical ill-health and meta l. distress, al though family and social functioning a n, economic well-being seem to be unaffected.