Browsing by Author "Kassahun Ketema"

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    Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive Use and Associated Factors among Women Who Receive Abortion Service in Hawassa Public Health Facilities, Southern Ethiopia 2020.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-01) Kassahun Ketema; Meselech Assegid; Gebretsadik Shibre
    Background: One component of post abortion care is preventing repeat abortions by providing family planning counseling and contraception. Provision of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods has a higher potential to interrupt the continuous cycle between abortion and unplanned pregnancies that result in reduction of maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To assess utilization of long acting reversible contraceptive and associated factors among women who receive abortion service in Hawassa public health facilities, southern Ethiopia. Methods: Facility based cross-sectional study design using quantitative method was implemented in Hawassa public health facilities, southern Ethiopia. Three hundred ninety six study participants were included and proportionally allocated to the two public hospitals and 4 public health centers. The data was collected by interview using pretested structured questionnaire. Data entry was done using Epidata 3.1 version then data was cleaned and export to SPSS for data analysis. Frequency and median were displayed through tables and words. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to analyze the association factors of the dependent variable using odd ratio and 95% confidence interval. P value < 0.05 during multi variable analysis considered as significance. Result: A total of 396 women came to the facility for abortion services were interviewed in this study with 96.4% of response rate. The overall utilization of long acting reversible contraceptive was 20.5% [16.4-24.8]. Decision making by both partners on long acting reversible contraceptive methods (AOR=3.3; 95% CI [1.56-7.09]), history of abortion (AOR=3.93; 95% CI [1.48-10.4]), counseling on family planning after abortion procedure (AOR=3.01; 95% CI [1.43-6.33]) and grand multiparous (AOR=6.68; 95% CI [2.28-19.5]) were associated with post abortion long acting reversible contraceptive utilization. Conclusion: Parity, previous abortion history, partners a companion decision making and time of counseling had significant association with post abortion long acting reversible contraceptive utilization. Programs that support male involvement should be supported and initiated to improve family planning utilization among abortion women.
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    Use and Utilization in Food and Nutrition Security, With Particular Emphasis on School Children in Kuyu Woreda, North Shewa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2026) Kassahun Ketema; Mogessie Ashenafi; Aregash Samuel
    Background: Global food insecurity continues to pose a major public health and development challenge that disproportionately affect Sub-Saharan Africa. Due to their reliance on the availability of home resources and caregiving methods, schoolchildren in Ethiopia are especially susceptible to nutritional shocks. The intricate relationship between household (HH) resource limitations and caregivers' behavioral "gatekeeping"— including their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) about food safety, child feeding and care—remains understudied despite increased focus on isolated approaches. Since caregivers are crucial in converting available resources into actual dietary consumption and nutritional outcomes, it is imperative to comprehend this link. Objective: To examine household food insecurity and undernutrition among schoolchildren and to assess the impact of a tailored nutrition and water, sanitation, and hygiene intervention on schoolchildren and caregiver KAP in Kuyu Woreda, North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia 2023/4. Methods: A mixed-methods longitudinal study was conducted with 610 caregiver-child pairs. Baseline data were collected using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS). Anthropometric measurements (HAZ, BAZ, WAZ, and MUAC) were obtained following standard WHO protocols. A school-home intervention, including nutrition education and WASH infrastructure support, was implemented. Data were analyzed using logistic regression, Chi square test, and t-test for baseline predictors and mixed-effects models to evaluate the intervention’s impact. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, and all ssociations were presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the adjusted odds ratios (AOR). Results: Majority (80%) of HHs reliance on subsistence farming. HH food insecurity was (83.1%) and over 90% of the HHs consumed less than four food groups. Malnutrition was very prevalent, with 64.3% exhibiting single, double, or triple growth failures; 27.5% stunted and 7% overweight. Baseline data showed overcrowded classrooms (>70), poor school sanitation, and an inconsistent water supply with student-to-water point ratio was 776:1. All schools used unsafe pit latrines, and only 9% of HHs had basic sanitation. A school-based intervention significantly improved KAP, reducing inadequate food safety and nutrition knowledge from 73.3% to 17.2% (p < 0.0001). A regression analyses identified significant associations between HHs food access, caregiver hygiene practices, and child growth. The longitudinal phase tracked improvements in caregiver nutritional literacy and hygiene behaviors following the school-home and peer-led intervention activities. Conclusion: Findings suggest that food availability alone is insufficient to ensure nutritional health; rather, caregiver KAP and the environmental WASH context are critical mediators of nutrient utilization. The integrated school-home approach proved to be a viable model for improving dietary habits and health practices, providing an evidence-based framework for policymakers to address "hidden hunger" and stunting in similar low-resource settings.