Browsing by Author "Jemal Abdu"

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    Assessment of Hematological Parameters among Asthmatic Patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-06) Jemal Abdu; Tsegaye Aster ; Negash Mikias ; Bekele Amsalu
    Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease which belongs to the leading causes ofmortality globally. Airway inflammation involves an interaction of many blood cells.Consequently, asthmatic condition can alter blood parameters mainly neutrophil and eosinophil.However, the role of other major leukocyte parameters, red blood cell (RBC) indices and meanplatelet volume (MPV) are less investigated. Objective: To assess hematological parameters among asthmatic patients at Tikur AnbessaSpecialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out from January to May 2023 atTASH in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 320 study participants consisting of 160 asthmatic patients and 160 healthy controls were included using convenient sampling technique. Acompleted blood count (CBC) was analyzed by using Beckman coulter hematology analyzer. Todetermine the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) Westergren method was used. Data wasanalyzed using the SPSS software (version 26). Independent t-test was used to compare the meanhematological values of the asthmatic patients and healthy controls. Binary logistic regressionwas used to assess the association of asthmatic patients with selected risk factors. Statisticalsignificance was determined at P value less than 0.05. Results: The mean age, percentage of females and resident in urban areas of study participantswere 49.53 and 40.72 years old, 55.0% and 51.2% and 84.4% and 89.4% for cases and controls,respectively. The mean values of all WBC parameters, MPV and ESR with the exception ofplatelet count in asthmatic patients had significant mean difference compared with controlgroups. ESR value, MPV, total WBC count and absolute and relative counts of neutrophil,eosinophil and basophil were significantly high in asthmatic patients compared to controls. On the other hand absolute and relative counts of lymphocytes and monocytes were significantly lower in asthmatic patients. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a statistical significant difference in most of hematological parameters among asthmatic patients than the controls. Therefore, hematological parameters showed significant mean difference should be considered for proper management of asthma.
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    Household Food Insecurity, Underweight Status and Associated Characteristics among Women of Reproductive age Group in Aysaita district, Affar Regional State, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Jemal Abdu; Solomon Shiferaw
    Background: Ethiopia has experienced rapid, sustained improvement in undernutrition during the past 15 years. However, undernutrition among children and women remains an urgent concern, requiring greater multi-sectoral efforts. Poor nutritional status of children and women has been a serious problem in Ethiopia for many years. Rural women are more likely to be undernourished than urban women, and those residing in the Affar region are the most likely to be undernourished (43.5%) of any region. Objective: To assess the prevalence and identify risk factors associated with both household food insecurity and underweight status among women in the reproductive age (15–49 years of age) group, in Aysaita district of Affar regional state, eastern Ethiopia. Method and Materials: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among nonpregnant women on May 2015. The Household-Food-Insecurity-Access-Scale (HFIAS) classified food insecurity and anthropometric data classified underweight. Further survey questions assessed dietary diversity and socio-demographics. Multiple binary regression models was used to quantify the association between household food security and nutritional outcomes among women of reproductive age, while accounting for other covariates potentially associated with the outcome variables of interest. Results: the mean Household Food Insecurity Access Scores (HFIAS) were 7.0 (3.6 ±SD), out of 27 classifying 26.1% as mild, 30.2% as moderate and 14.1% as having severe food insecurity. Underweight prevalence (BMI <18.5) was 41% among non-pregnant participants (n=490), with frequencies of mild, moderate and severe underweight of 34.5%, 3.9% and 2.7% respectively. Multiple logistic regression predicting underweight (vs. non-underweight) found that participants with moderately food insecure were more than 2 times odds of being underweight compared with those food secure(AOR=2.66, 95% CI; 1.27, 5.58), while severely food insecure were more than 6 times odds of being underweight compared with those food secure (OR 6.99, 95% CI; 2.66 to 18.38). Women with ≥2 under five years old children had more than 9 times odds of being underweight compared with those who had no (OR 9.27,95% CI; 3.35, 25.59). Conclusion: High levels of underweight were associated with women’s age, categorized HFIAS food insecurity, marital status, parity, vocation and increasing number of <5 y of children. The factors with strongest effect for household food insecurity were education, parity, vocation and having ≥2 under five children in a family.