Browsing by Author "Hassen, Jemal"

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    Assessment of Food Security and Coping Strategies among Women Refugees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-07) Hassen, Jemal; Mulugeta PhD, Messay
    This study assessed the food security status and coping strategies among women refugees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data was collected through a review of related literature, questionnaire-based survey, and key informant interviews. Questionnaire-based survey was administered based on stratified random sampling to ensure proper representation of different refugee nationalities. About 79% of women refugees found to be severely food insecure while 8%, 6% and 7% were moderately food insecure, mildly food insecure and food secure, respectively. This was related with the limited diversification of income sources, lack of access to basic services, high cost of living that compromised consumption, and unreliable nature of remittances and aid. Refugees had limited market opportunities because of lack of work permit and business capital as well as strict government control and childcare responsibilities. Rationing strategy was found to be the most important strategy that involves altering meal size and frequency while sending children to beg, child laboring, live in poor accommodation and commercial sex were identified among the negative coping mechanisms. Food insecurity of urban refugees can be tackled through integration of refugees to the national system pertaining housing and food security programs to ease the burden of the high cost of living. Inclusion of vulnerable urban refugees to existing social security initiatives and designing of urban refugee housing program can improve well-being and tackle the oversighted urban refugee food insecurity. Advocacy and promotion of decent work environment with extended access to right to work, introduction of women-centered programs that focus on building self-reliance are the key recommendations of the study.
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    Factors Affecting Consumers Buying Decision of Ceramic Sanitary Wares
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Hassen, Jemal; Zewide, Shimelis (PhD)
    The general purpose of this study is to measure the impact of product features, retail store image, brand name, price, plumbers‟ opinion, and satisfaction on the previous purchase on consumers buying decision of water closets and hand wash basins in Addis Ababa. Specifically, the purpose is to find out whether there exists a relationship between independent variables and dependent variable, which factor/s has/have a positive and statistically significant effect on buying decision, and to identify the top preferred brand of water closets and hand wash basins. A sample size of 384 respondents was selected using non-probability quota sampling. Data was collected through both secondary and primary methods using survey (interview and questionnaire) and observation technique from sample units of residential houses, shopping malls, educational institutions, hospitals, and hotels and restaurants to analyze the data quantitatively. The data was analyzed using descriptive (frequency percentage, mean, standard deviation, and bar chart) and inferential statistics (correlation and multiple regressions) by SPSS version 16. With a response rate of 96% questionnaire the following findings were obtained: all the independent factors have a positive relationship but only product features and price have statistically significant effect with consumers buying decision of water closets and hand wash basins. Acqua, Goldragon, and Anchor were also identified as the top preferable brands by consumers in Addis Ababa
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    Measuring Total Factor Productivity and Competitiveness of Ethiopian Textile and Garment Industries
    (Addis Ababa University, 2008-07) Hassen, Jemal; Tadesse, Beyene (PhD)
    This paper analysis the levels of total factor productivity and competitiveness of Ethiopian textile and garment industries in sight from medium and large scale firms over the period 2001-2005. In this regard, textile and garment sub-sector plays an important role in industrialization and economic development. Despite its importance for industrialization, the Ethiopian textile and garment sub-sector has not shown encouraging sign both in terms of productivity and competitiveness. Hence, the general objective of this study aimed at analyzing the level of total factor productivity and competitiveness of Ethiopian textile and garment sub-sector using secondary data from central statistical agency of Ethiopian which covers five years period. The study considered 17 textile and 8 garment sample firms. In the analysis, the study employed stochastic frontier production function model and unit cost ratio method. The study made use of a computer program frontier version 4.1c and stata version 9 as a tool for analysis. The results of the analysis revealed that the level of total factor productivity and competitiveness capacity of the sub-sector is not good. On average, technical progress, technical efficiency and scale efficiency (economies of scale) declined by -34%, -25% and -1.3% per annum over the study period, respectively. The negative change of these efficiencies resulted in negative total factor productivity growth. So, the contribution of total factor productivity to output growth is found -60.3% per annum. With regard to competitive capacity, all the four digit groups of manufacturing activities in the sub-sector prove to be uncompetitive even in the domestic market. From this analysis, therefore, it would be probably drawn that the growth of the sub-sector is pulled back by total factor productivity growth & failed to compete both in domestic and international market as a result of increasing trends in technical regress, technical and scale inefficiencies as well as cost ineffectiveness. This is, perhaps, a reflection of firm level weakness with mediocre product design, use of backward machineries, limited international exposure and passive reaction to competitive products. Thus, textile and garment firms ought to family work in addressing their weakness and adjust themselves with the challenges of the changing global environment. Government should also play its supportive role in terms of ensuring fairly competitive domestic market, providing market and technology information, supporting trainings and minimizing transaction costs related to the provision of its services.
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    Web-Based Content Management System for Digital Resources In Ethiopian Universities: The Case of Wollo University
    (Addis Ababa University, 2013-03) Hassen, Jemal; Atnafu, Solomon (PhD)
    As content management is a set of processes and technologies that support the collection, management, and publishing of information in any form or medium, its application becomes crucial in different institutions that utilize and produce digital contents in day to day activities. Higher education institutions are one of such institutions that hold a vast amount of digital information that need to be managed including course contents, employee and student databases, academic and administrative rules and regulations, public notices and internal communications, laboratory manuals, maps and images, multimedia contents and so on. As the volume of digital information increases, its complexity of sharing and management also increases. To overcome this problem, there should be a content management system that can ensure the efficient management and sharing of these digital resources. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assess the current practice in digital resources sharing and management in Ethiopian Universities, in particular that of Wollo University, and to identify the possible problems occurred in the current system and to propose a content management solution by developing a particular content management application for the Intranet of Wollo University that improves the teaching-learning process and enhances communications between users by allowing members of the University community to easily create, edit, review, publish, re-use, and manage different digital resources in various formats. To come up with some solution, we have studied the current practice in teaching and learning and administration activities of Wollo University and we have identified problems of the current system. The identified problems that are related to the traditional teaching and learning and administration activities have been solved by developing and implementing a content management and sharing system. The system is implemented on top of the University’s Intranet so that it can run without the need to have Internet connectivity. Moreover, the system can be used to share digital course contents that improves shortage of text and reference books, can facilitate self-learning opportunities to students, can support administration activities in terms of digital resource sharing and integration of modern ways of communication methods such as discussion forums, messaging, and chatting. We have implemented the system, and System Usability Test has been done by using Wollo University community members as participants and real environment data. As the feedbacks collected from users showed, the system has brought great improvements for Wollo University and has shown promising results to be used by other Ethiopian Universities. Key-Words: - Content Management, Digital Resource Sharing, CMS, Course Management Systems, Digital Communication
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    Web-Based Content Management System for Digital Resources In Ethiopian Universities: The Case of Wollo University
    (Addis Ababa University, 2013-03) Hassen, Jemal; Atnafu, Solomon (PhD)
    As content management is a set of processes and technologies that support the collection, management, and publishing of information in any form or medium, its application becomes crucial in different institutions that utilize and produce digital contents in day to day activities. Higher education institutions are one of such institutions that hold a vast amount of digital information that need to be managed including course contents, employee and student databases, academic and administrative rules and regulations, public notices and internal communications, laboratory manuals, maps and images, multimedia contents and so on. As the volume of digital information increases, its complexity of sharing and management also increases. To overcome this problem, there should be a content management system that can ensure the efficient management and sharing of these digital resources. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assess the current practice in digital resources sharing and management in Ethiopian Universities, in particular that of Wollo University, and to identify the possible problems occurred in the current system and to propose a content management solution by developing a particular content management application for the Intranet of Wollo University that improves the teaching-learning process and enhances communications between users by allowing members of the University community to easily create, edit, review, publish, re-use, and manage different digital resources in various formats. To come up with some solution, we have studied the current practice in teaching and learning and administration activities of Wollo University and we have identified problems of the current system. The identified problems that are related to the traditional teaching and learning and administration activities have been solved by developing and implementing a content management and sharing system. The system is implemented on top of the University’s Intranet so that it can run without the need to have Internet connectivity. Moreover, the system can be used to share digital course contents that improves shortage of text and reference books, can facilitate self-learning opportunities to students, can support administration activities in terms of digital resource sharing and integration of modern ways of communication methods such as discussion forums, messaging, and chatting. We have implemented the system, and System Usability Test has been done by using Wollo University community members as participants and real environment data. As the feedbacks collected from users showed, the system has brought great improvements for Wollo University and has shown promising results to be used by other Ethiopian Universities. Key-Words: - Content Management, Digital Resource Sharing, CMS, Course Management Systems, Digital Communication