Browsing by Author "Hailu, Dejene"

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    Anti-ulcer activity of aqueous root extract of Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman (Musaceae) in experimental rats
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-07) Hailu, Dejene; Shibeshi, Workineh (PhD); Umer, Shemsu (PhD); Arayaselassie, Mahlet (MD)
    Peptic ulcer is a chronic disease of gastrointestinal system caused by an imbalance between damaging factors and protective factors. Even though many antiulcer drugs used to treat this disease are available, most of these drugs produced undesirable side effects, microbial resistance and danger of drug interactions during therapy. An ethnobotanical study showed that Ensete ventricosum is used for treatment of peptic ulcer but the efficacy and safety are not established. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the anti-ulcer activity of aqueous root extract of Ensete ventricosum (E. ventricosum) in experimental rats. The effect of the extract on gastric ulcer was evaluated against indomethacin, ethanol and pyloric ligation-induced ulcer models at doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg. Dose levels were selected based on outcome of acute toxicity study. Pantoprazole at a dose of 40mg/kg was used as a standard drug while distilled water was used as negative control. In indomethacin and ethanol-induced ulcer, pretreatment with aqueous root extract of E. ventricosum significantly reduced level of gastric mucosal ulceration and improved ulcer protection. Furthermore, histopathological findings of rats pretreated with aqueous root extract of E. ventricosum also revealed gastroprotective activity. In pyloric ligation-induced ulcer, administration of E. ventricosum at a dose of 200 and 400mg/kg significantly (p<0.05) reduced both ulcers number and severity scores and histopathological findings also revealed gastroprotective activity of the extract. The extract at a dose of 400mg/kg exerted best ulcer protection (98.53%) which was comparable to standard drug in pyloric ligation-induced ulcer as compared to other models studied. The extract at a dose of 200 and 400mg/kg also displayed antisecretory activity as revealed by significant (p<0.05, p<0.001) reduction in volume, free and total acidity of gastric juice with significant (p<0.05, p<0.001) increment in pH of the gastric juice in both ethanol and pyloric ligation-induced ulcer in dose dependent manner. In conclusion, the aqueous root extract of E. ventricosum showed significant antiulcer activity.
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    Challenges of urban renewal projects and relocation of people. A case of Kirkos Sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Hailu, Dejene; Abeje, Wondimu Dr.
    Urban renewal is the way of remodeling older parts of urban areas, including their central business areas, by means of rehabilitation and conservation as well as redevelopment. In Addis Ababa, in addition to city beautification, with the demand of land for various development activities in core areas is high and the supply is limited.The aim of the study was to investigate the challenges and prospects of urban renewal projects and relocation of people on the socioeconomic impact of relocated people from Felege Yordanos area. Based on the result of this study, due to the relocation program, 64% of them faced both mental and physical disorder, family disintegration especially children (31%) and the rest 18% has been divorced. Almost all of the respondents were not happy for the relocation oriented development. Further they have said that even if the development is very crucial for our both economic and social benefits, the development should be well planned and deep awareness creation should be done before implementation. The productive activity and business of relocatees‟ were significantly affected due to improper settlement of peoples. Furthermore, major challenges associated with the Kirkos sub city of Felege Yordanos area displaced people became far from proximity to jobs, customers and market places.Thus, it is better to develop the partial area of targeted area first and then shifting the resident to the developed one and then developing the remaining area of the plan.