Browsing by Author "Haile Getachew"

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    Modeling Approach for Identification of Potential Rainwater Harvesting Sites in Arsi Zone, Eastern Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2017-05) Haile Getachew; Balakrishnan M. (Professor)
    Water plays a crucial role in fulfilling basic human needs, for socio-economic developments and for ecosystem services. Absence of this vital resource for extended periods, make severe drought in the affected areas. Ethiopia is currently experiencing growing pressure on water resources caused by increasing water demand mostly for agricultural and domestic uses. This has been brought due to the effects of climate change and country development in agro-industrialization sector. This study was conducted in Arsi Zone, which is located in eastern Ethiopia. Arsi Zone frequently faces drought, crop failure and lack of permanent sources of water. Rain Water Harvesting (RWH) has been considered as the most encouraging among others with endeavors, to provide water to meet the increasing necessity. The objective of this study is to develop a model for the identification of potential RWH sites in Arsi Zone, Eastern Ethiopia, integrating Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), which uses Analytical Hierarchy Processes (AHP) with a Fuzzy logic approach and Geographical Information System (GIS). Eleven physical characteristics of the study area layers were adopted for the analysis. The soil conservation service (SCS) model was used to estimate the runoff depth layer of the study area. Weighting was made based on environmental, socio-economical and hydro-geological characteristics of the study area, and reviewed literature. Fuzzification and Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) aggregation was made in order to get the result. In addition to aggregation, the analysis used Boolean Intersection of MCDA methodology to identify and exclude restricted environmental and geological constraints. The result of this research shows that, each potential suitability class coverage was: not suitable 5769.8 km2 (27.88%), less suitable 3104.34 km2 (15%), suitable 5695.42 km2 (27.52%), very suitable 4097 km2 (19.8%) and extremely suitable 2027.38 km2 (9.8%). The area coverage of constraints were 4,540.37 km2 (21.94%) of study area. The outcome of this study emphasized the importance of geospatial modeling in assessing RWH potential sites, proposed to assist in planning water facility and to address the water scarcity problem in Arsi Zone. In addition, the model developed in this research can be used in other areas to determine the potential of RWH and integrate rainwater as an alternative water source to ensure sustainable development. Detail ground validation and survey; using high-resolution data in modeling and study on environmental impact assessment before implementation are among the recommendations. Keywords: Arsi Zone, RWH, Fuzzy logic, MCDA, Boolean Intersection, AHP, FAHP, WLC
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    Structural and Situational Approaches in Developing the Communicative Ability Of Ninth Grade Ethiopian Students in Speaking English
    (Addis Ababa University, 1986-06) Haile Getachew ; Mekonnen Yirmr
    In tht s study an attempt has beer; ;"jade it.) fi nc out whether or not a Situational Approach is more effective than a Struc .cr a] Approach i~ develop- 'ing the communicative ability in spe;:tkin~:fn:'lish. Teach inq mater ia'ls ~/ere prepared in line with the principles of th2 S1tuational and the Structural Approaches. One hun~red Grade ~ine students ~ere ranciomely assigned to the Experimental and the Control Groups. A pr2-te3~ was s~;e~to record the backgrounds of th~ students before the ~xperim~nt was started. Their English proficiency was found to be a~rost the sale. At the end of the instructions of the Experimental Lessons, a posttest was administered to observe the outcome of the Experiment. Thus~ any change that might cume after the experiment can be atributed to the difference in methodology. In the scores obtained, as determined by the t-t.est, the Experimental Group achieved significantly better results that the Control Group. Un the bas is of the findings, it is recommended that non-native speakers of English should be taught English through the Situational ~pproach to develop their communicative competenc~. It is also recommended that more research work should be carried out before ary concrete move is taken